A Textbook Of Applied Physics By A K Jha Pdf Reader

The Effects Of Sawdust Addition On The Insulating Characteristics Of Clays From The Federal Capital Territory Of Abuja Abstract: l Capital of Abuja like linear shrinkage, solid density, apparent porosity and thermal conductivity were characterized with a view of studying the effect of sawdust on them. The results showed that the linear shrinkage improved from an average of 8.57% for the three samples for 0% sawdust to an average of 8.32% with 40% addition of saw dust, bringing them closer to the lower range of the international standard of 7-10%. Solid density averaged 3.18g/cm3 with 0% saw dust and 2.91g/cm 3 with 40% saw dust, still bringing them closer to the international range of 2.3-3.5g/cm3. Apparent porosity averaged 13% with 0% saw dust and 17% with 40% addition of saw dust bringing them closer to the acceptable range of 20-80%. While thermal conductivity averaged 0.493W/mo k with 0% saw dust and 0.134W/mo k with 40% saw dust thereby improving their insulating properties.

This 40% sawdust addition was discovered to be the maximum under which mechanical strength and other refractory properties of clay will remain stable. Agha O A (1998) Testing of local refractory clay for producing furnace lining bricks.

Thesis: Mech. Akinbode F O. An investigation on the properties of termite hill as refractory material for furnace lining: Indian Foundry Journal. (1999) Investigation on local refractory materials for high temperature applications, PhD Thesis mech.

Federal University Of Technology, Minna 4. The Nature properties of soil, 20th Edition and Pub Prentice-Hall Inc. New Jersey 5. (1994) Industrial Minerals and rocks, 6th Edition, Pergamon Press, Oxford. IEE (1992) Wiring regulation requirement for electrical installation BS7671, 15th Edition, A Mclay and co. Ltd Cardiff 7. Ijagbemi C.O.(2002) Development and performance evaluation of a biomass clay lined cookstove.

This book is intended to serve as a textbook of Applied Physics/Physics paper of the undergraduate students of B.E., B.Tech and B.Sc. Exhaustive treatment of topics in optics, mechanics, relativistic mechanics, laser, optical fibres and holography have been included. Physics is best learnt by conceptualization of the involved.

Meng thesis, Department of mechanical Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria. Li Zaigeng and Zhou Ningsheng (2001) Technological advancement in the preparation and application of monolithic refractories. China's refractories Volume 10 number 1 9. And Agbajelola D. (2011) Characterization of some selected clay deposits in Benue State. A paper presented at the 2nd Biennial Engineering Conference. School of Engineering and Engineering technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna 10.

Mahmoud S., Ayman H and Mousa A (2003) Pretreatment effects on the catalytic activity of Jordanian bentonite. Journal of the clay mineral society Volume 51 number 1 Manukaji John U. A Review On Historical And Present Developments In Ejector Systems Abstract: Ejectors are simple pieces of equipment. Nevertheless, many of their possible services are overlooked. They often are used to pump gases and vapours from a system to create a vacuum.

However, they can be used for a great number of other pumping situations. This paperprovides reviewon the development in ejectors, applications of ejector systems and system performance enhancement. Several topics are categorized provides useful guidelines regarding background and operating principles of ejector including mathematical modelling, numerical simulation of ejector system, geometric optimizations. Research works carried out recently are still limited to computer modelling, forthe real industrial applications more experimental and large-scale work are needed in order to provide better understanding. Reference [1] Riffat SB, Jiang L, Gan G.

Recent Development in Ejector Technology: A Review. International Journal of Ambient Energy1995; 26:13–26. [2] Chunnanond K, Aphornratana S. Ejectors: Applications in Refrigeration Technology. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2004; 8:129–55. [3] Abdulateef JM, Sopian K, Alghoul MA, Sulaiman MY.

'Review on Solar-Driven Ejector Refrigeration Technologies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2009; 13:1338–49. [4] El-Dessouky H, Ettouney H, Alatiqi I, AlNuwaibit G. 'Evaluation of Steam Jet Ejectors' Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification' 2002; 41:551–61. [5] Pianthong K, Seehanam W, Behnia M, Sriveerakul T, Aphornratana S. 'Investigation and Improvement of Ejector Refrigeration System Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Technique' Energy Conversion and Management 2007; 48:2556–64.

[6] Ma X, Zhang W, Omer SA, Riffat SB. Experimental investigation of a novel steam ejector refrigerator suitable for solar energy applications. Applied Thermal Engineering 2010; 30:1320-5. [7] Chunnanond K, Aphornratana S. 'AnExperimental Investigation of a Steam Ejector Refrigerator: The Analysis of the Pressure Profile along the Ejector'. Applied Thermal Engineering 2004; 24:311–22.

[8] Selvaraju A, Mani A. Experimental investigation on R134a vapour ejector refrigeration system. International Journal of Refrigeration 2006; 29: 1160–6. [9] Sankarlal T, Mani A. Experimental Investigations on Ejector Refrigeration System with Ammonia.

Renewable Energy 2007; 32:1403–13. [10] Chaiwongsa P, Wong wises S. Experimental study on R-134a refrigeration system using a two-phase ejector as an expansion device.

Applied Thermal Engineering 2008; 28:467–77 Mohammed Raffe Rahamathullah, Karthick Palani, Thiagarajan Aridass, Prabakaran Venkatakrishnan, Sathiamourthy, Sarangapani Palani 010-034 5. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Microbial Source-A Green Synthesis Approach, and Evaluation of its Antimicrobial Activity against Escherichia coli Abstract: Nanoparticles synthesis by biological methods using various microorganisms, plants, and plant extracts and enzymes have attracted a great attention as these are cost effective, nontoxic, eco-friendly and an alternative to physical and chemical methods. In this research, Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized from AgNO3 solution by green synthesis process with the assistance of microbial source only.

The detailed characterization of the Ag NPs were carried out using UV-visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, and their antimicrobial evaluation was done against Escherichia coli. The UV-visible spectroscopy analysis showed the surface plasmon resonance property of nanoparticles. The DLS analysis showed the particle distribution of synthesized silver nanoparticles in solution, and SEM analysis showed the morphology of nanoparticles.

The elemental composition of synthesized sample was confirmed by EDS analysis. Antibacterial assay of synthesized Ag NP was carried out in solid (Nutrient Agar) growth medium against E.coli. The presence of zone of inhibition clearly indicated the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles. Key words: MAntibacterial assay, eco-friendly, nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, zone of inhibition Reference [1] Kim, S.W., Nam, S.H. And An, Y.J., Interaction of silver nanoparticles with biological surfaces of Caenorhabditis elegans. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 77, 2011, 64-70. [2] Hussain, S.M., Hess, K.L., Gearhart, J.M., Geiss, K.T.

And Schlager, J.J., In vitro toxicity of nanoparticles in BRL 3A rat liver cells. Toxicol In Vitro, 19 (7), 2005, 975-983(2005) [3] Premanathan, M., Karthikeyan, K., Jeyasubramanian, K. And Manivannan, G., Selective toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles toward Gram-positive bacteria and cancer cells by apoptosis through lipid peroxidation. Nanomedicine, 7 (2), 2011, 184-192.

[4] Srivastava, M., Singh, S. And Self, W.T., Exposure to silver nanoparticles inhibits selenoprotein synthesis and the activity of thioredoxin reductase. Environ Health Perspect, 120 (1), 2012, 56-61.

[5] Nagy, A., Harrison, A., Sabbani, S., Munson, R.S., Jr., Dutta, P.K. And Waldman, W.J., Silver nanoparticles embedded in zeolite membranes: release of silver ions and mechanism of antibacterial action.

Int J Nanomedicine, 6, 2011, 1833- 1852. [6] Bhumkar, D.R., Joshi, H.M., Sastry, M. And Pokharkar, V.B., Chitosan reduced gold nanoparticles as novel carriers for transmucosal delivery of insulin.

Pharm Res, 24 (8), 2007, 1415-1426(2007). [7] Arunachalam, R., Dhanasingh, S., Kalimuthu, B., Uthirappan, M., Rose, C. And Mandal, A.B., Phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Coccinia grandis leaf extract and its application in the photocatalytic degradation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 94, 2012, 226-230. [8] Patil, R.S., Kokate, M.R. And Kolekar, S.S., Bioinspired synthesis of highly stabilized silver nanoparticles using Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf extract and their antibacterial activity. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc, 91C, 2011, 234- 238.

[9] Kumar, R., Roopan, S.M., Prabhakarn, A., Khanna, V.G. And Chakroborty, S., 'Agricultural waste Annona squamosa peel extract: Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles'.

Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc, 90,173-176. [10] Natrajan, Kannan, Subbalaxmi Selvaraj, and V. Microbial production of silver nanoparticles. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 5(1), 2010: 135-140.

Behera S.S., Jha S., Arakha M., Panigrahi T.K. Recognition of Similar Shaped Handwritten Marathi Characters Using Artificial Neural Network Abstract: The growing need have handwritten Marathi character recognition in Indian offices such as passport, railways etc has made it vital area of a research. Similar shape characters are more prone to misclassification. In this paper a novel method is provided to recognize handwritten Marathi characters based on their features extraction and adaptive smoothing technique.

Feature selections methods avoid unnecessary patterns in an image whereas adaptive smoothing technique form smooth shape of charecters.Combination of both these approaches leads to the better results. Previous study shows that, no one technique achieves 100% accuracy in handwritten character recognition area. This approach of combining both adaptive smoothing & feature extraction gives better results (approximately 75-100) and expected outcomes. Key words: character recognition, features Extraction, adaptive Smoothing, Image segmentation, pattern matching, Image Pixel Rating Reference [1] T.M. Mitchell, 'Machine Learning', McGraw-Hill Education (ISE Editions), December 1997. Mohamad, M.M.

Anwar, 'Recognition of Online Isolated Handwritten Characters by Back propagation Neural Nets Using SubCharacter Primitive Features', IEEE Multitopic Conference( INMIC), 2006, pp. 157 - 162 [3] G. Stamatopoulos, 'An EfficientFeature Extraction and Dimensionality Reduction Scheme for Isolated Greek Handwritten Character Recognition', IEEE Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition(ICDAR ), 2007, vol. 1073 – 1077 Figure 2.

Misclassification Rate of Bayesian Network and C4.5 with FULL,CFS and CON Features Sets 34 Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT) [4] J.R. Kulkarni, R.S. Prasad, 'Offline handwritten character recognition of Gujrati script using pattern matching', IEEE 3rd International Conference on Anticounterfeiting, Security,and Identification in Communication, 2009, pp. Lee, 'An HMMRFBased Statistical Approach for Off-line Handwritten Character Recognition', IEEE Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 1996, vol. Fujisawa, 'Performance evaluation of pattern classifiers for handwritten character recognition', International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR), 2002, vol.

Ishigaki, 'A Statistical Approach for Handwritten Character Recognition Using Bayesian Filter', IEEE 3rd International Conference on Innovative ComputingInformation and Control, 2008, pp. Yarman-Vural, 'An Overview Of Character Recognition Focused On Off-line Handwriting', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2001, vol. Gokmen, 'Comparison of SVM and ANN performance for handwritten character classification', Proceedings of the IEEE12th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference, 2004, pp. Verma, 'Handwritten Hindi Character recognition Using Multilayer Perceptron and Radial Basis Function Neural Networks,' Proceedings of IEEE International conference on Neural Networks, 1995, vol.

Ramaraj, 'Neural Network Based Offline Tamil Handwritten Character Recognition System', IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications, 2007, vol. Mrs.Archana P.Jane, Prof.Mukesh.A.Pund 063-067 8. An Overview Of Pavement Management System For Industrial Areas Abstract: With the current surge in national economy the industrial traffic has increased many folds in terms of quantity of load and traffic volume. This results in early deterioration of the roads. Also the serviceability reduces hampering the industry's supply of raw material and transport of finished goods.

An efficient road transportation system is of vitally important for smooth operations of industrial units. Construction of new roads needs an enormous investment. However, once constructed the road network system requires huge resources to maintain serviceability and to ensure safe passage at an appropriate speed and with low VOC (Vehicle Operating Cost). Road maintenance is therefore an essential function and should be carried out on a timely basis. The cost of providing and maintaining the roads for the industrial areas at an acceptable serviceability level is quite high. It is therefore essential for a transportation engineer to attempt establishing an acceptable pavement condition level from economic, safety and environmental point of view.

In today's economic environment of constrained budgets, as the existing road infrastructure has aged, a more systematic approach towards determining maintenance and rehabilitation needs is necessary. The efficient pavement management system shall provide objective information and useful analysis to ensure consistent and cost effective decisions related to preservation of existing industrial road network in healthy condition. Key words: Pavement, maintenance, management rehabilitation, transportation Reference 1. Allez, F., Dauzats,M., Joubert, P., Labat, G.P., and Pusselli, M. 'ERASME: An Expert System for Pavement Maintenance'. Transportation Research Record, 1205, pp 1-5. Al-Shawi, M.A.,Cabrera, J.G., Watson, A.S, 1989.

'Pavement Expert; An Expert to Assist in the Evaluation of Concrete Pavements'. Proceeding of Transportation and Planning Meeting, Leeds, England, P293. Ameri Mahmod, Eftehkarzadah Farhad.

Pavement Management System forRoads. Iran Science and Technology University. Ayati Esmail. Optimum Method for Distribution Road Maintenance Budget in the Country Road and Transportation quarterly journal. (In Persian). Basri, NEA, 1999. 'An Expert System for the Design of Composting Facilities in Developing Contries'.

PhD Dissertation, University of Leeds. Bennett, C.R. And Paterson, W.D.O. Guidelines on Calibration and Adaptation. And Wang, H., 'Harmonizing Automated Rut Depth Measurement', Report to Transfund, New Zealand, 2002 8. Broten, M., Corner, C., and Muntasir, A., 2004a. 'State Airport Pavement Management Practices and the Impact on Pavement Condition'.

Presented at 6th International Conference on Managing Pavements, Queenland, Australia. Chang Albitres, C., P. Krugler, and R. 'A Knowledge Approach Oriented to Improved Strategic Decisions in Pavement Management Practices'. 1st Annual Inter-university Symposium of Infrastructure Management.

Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. URMS; A Graphical Ban Road Way Management System of Network Level Transportation Research Record, Trr1337.

Landge 068-075 9. Effects Of Different Fragmentation Thresholds On Data Dropped And Retransmission Attempts In A Wireless Local Area Network Abstract: act This paper discusses the effects of different fragmentation thresholds on data dropped and retransmission attempts in a wireless local area network. A wireless local area network (LAN) is a network that connects computer systems and devices within the same geographical area but without the use of wire. Fragmentation threshold is one of the parameters used in a wireless local area network which specifies the values to decide if the Media Access Control (MAC) Service Data Unit (MSDU) received from the higher layer network needs fragmentation before transmission. The number of fragments to be transmitted is calculated based on the size of the MSDU and the fragmentation threshold. OPNET IT guru 9.1 software was used for the analysis. Based on the graphical results obtained, it can be said that fragmentation increases the size of queue and the number of data dropped in a transmission, and also the smaller the fragmentation, the more increase in the retransmission attempts.

Key words: Data dropped, fragmentation threshold, LAN, packet drop probability, retransmission attempts. Reference [1] Ralph M. Stair and George W. Renolds, Fundamentals of information systems (3 rd Edition,Thomson Course Technology, Massachusetts, USA, 2006) [2] Holtzman, J.M., Wireless technology (John Wiley and Sons, USA, 2007) [3] Chetoui Y.

And Bouabdallah N., Adjustment mechanism for the IEEE 802.11 contention window: An efficient bandwidth sharing scheme, Computer Communications Journal, Vol. 13 [4] Okeshi P.N., Fundamentals of wireless communication (Global Publishers Co., Lagos, Nigeria, 2009) [5] Andree Tanenbaum, Berry Ker cheval, LAN computer networks and network topology (2 ndedition, McGraw Hill, New York, 2009) [6] Achinkole S. O., Computer networks (Orient Printers and Communications, Accra, Ghana, 2010) [7] Makta M. H., Basic computer mmunication (Educational Printing & Publishers, Accra, 2008) [8] Ede K. I., A guide to wireless communication networks (Excellent Series Printers, Lagos, Nigeria, 2009) Isizoh A. N., Anazia A.E., Okide S.O., Okwaraoka C.A.P., Onyeyili T.I.

Software-Based Visual Loan Calculator For Banking Industry Abstract: The use of Visual Loan calculator for banking industry is very necessary in modern day banking system using many design techniques for security reasons. This paper thus presents the software-based design and implementation of a Visual Loan calculator for banking industry using Visual Basic.Net (VB.Net). The fundamental approach to this is to develop a Graphical User Interface (GUI) using VB.Net operating tools, and then developing a working program which calculates the interest of any loan obtained.

The VB.Net programming was done, implemented and the software proved satisfactory. Key words: Principal, rate, simple interest, time, Visual Basic.Net Reference [1] Ochi-Okorie A.S., Computer fundamentals: Introduction and utilization (Solid Rock Computer Press, Lagos, 2008) [2] Hutson Michael, Introduction to visual basic.net (John Wesley and Sons, New York, 2008) [3] Wright Peter, Beginning visual basic.net (Wrox Press Ltd, Canada, 2009) [4] Stroo Eric and Stuart J. Stuple, Microsoft visual basic programmer's guide (Microsoft Press, USA, 2007) [5] Kratter M. C., Practical use of visual studio 2008 (Prentice Hall Ltd, India, 2008) [6] Afata Emmanuella, Applications of visual basic.net (Chriscord Publishers Ltd, Accra, 2006) Isizoh A. N., Anazia A.E., Okide S.O., Onyeyili T.I., Okwaraoka C.A.P. Production of Household Paint using Clay Materials Abstract: The use of clay materials for the production of emulsion paints was investigated.

Two types of clay: White tinged with Purple and Smooth clay (WSP) and Grey Brown and Coarse clay (GBC), were used for the production of Emulsion Clay Paints (ECP). Conventional Chemical pigmented Paint (CP) was also produced as a control.

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, (AAS) was used to determine the chemical composition of the clay and the concentration of heavy metals on the paints produced. Total organic content (TOC) and quality control tests were also carried out on the paints. The results of the analysis on the two clay types showed that they contained (45.26 and 47.370)% of silicon oxide and (38.26 and 35.72)% of aluminum oxide respectively. ECP has TOC values of (0.34-0.52)% while CP has TOC value of (0.29-0.31). The cost per litre of CP was (N262.17) while that of ECP was (N111.64), which is about 50% lesser. Reference [1] J. Lowe, 'A three Dimensional Approach to Solubility', Journal of Paint Technology, Vol.

20 – 28, 2008. Abidalla, 'Natural house paint', Retrieved March 3rd 2011, from 2008.

Rangwala, 'Pigment History of Chemistry Artistic importance of Colouring agents', retrieved March 4th, 2011, from 2009. Binsacca, 'VOC-free Paints and Natural Paints provide Eco-Friendly Options with comparable performance', retrieved April 25, 2011, from 2008. [5] Nigerian Industrial Standard, NIS 278: Part 6, Standard for paint and varnishes, Nigerian Industrial Standard, Lagos, 1990. [6] World Health Organisation, Bentonite, Kaolin and selected Clay Minerals, Environmental Health Criteria 231,World Health Organisation, 2005. [7] EPA, Regulation for the use of primers, EPA Rule 4C CFR Part 63 subpart HHHHHH (EPA 6H Rule), United State, 2011.

Middleton, and R. Murray, 'Environmental Characteristics of Clays and Clay Minerals Deposits', retrieved May 3rd 2011, from: icsofclay/claymi neraldeposit.mht, 1987. [9] Nigerian Industrial Standard, NIS 273, Specification for emulsion paint for decorative purpose, Nigerian Industrial Standard, Lagos, 1990. Olowu 085-093 12.

Detecting Copy Move Forgery In Digital Images Abstract: In today's world several image manipulation software's are available. Manipulation of digital images has become a serious problem nowadays. There are many areas like medical imaging, digital forensics, journalism, scientific publications, etc, where image forgery can be done very easily. To determine whether a digital image is original or doctored is a big challenge.

To find the marks of tampering in a digital image is a challenging task. The detection methods can be very useful in image forensics which can be used as a proof for the authenticity of a digital image. In this paper we propose the method to detect region duplication forgery by dividing the image into overlapping block and then perform searching to find out the duplicated region in the image.

Key words: — Image forgery, Copy move forgery, Block matching, PCA, Region duplication detection. Reference [1] Tao Jing Xinghua li, Feifei Zhang, Image Tamper Detection Algorithm Based on Radon and fourier-Mellin Transform',pp 212-215 IEEE 2010. Summers, Sarah C. Wahl'Multimedia Security and Forensic Authentication of Digital images, '52006/sasummer/doc/cs525projsummersW ahl.doc'. Soukal, and J. Lukas, 'Detection of Copy-Move Forgery in Digital Images', in Proceedings of Digital Forensic Research Workshop, August 2003.

Popescu and H. Farid, 'Exposing Digital Forgeries by Detecting Duplicated Image Regions,' Technical Report, TR2004-515, Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, pp. 758-767, 2006. [5] Guoqiang Shen, Lanchi Jiang, Guoxuan Zhang, 'An Image Retrieval Algorithm Based on Color Segment and Shape Moment Invariants,' Second International Symposium. Computational Intelligence and Design vol. 10, no.2, pp. [6] M.Sridevi, C. Gurley Level Serial Numbers. Mala and S.Sandeep 'Copy – move image forgery detection', Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT), Vol.

[7] Hieu Cuong Nguyen and Stefan Katzenbeisser'Detection of copy-move forgery in digital images using Radon transformation and phase correlation',Eighth International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IEEE, pp. Wei, 'Identifying Tampered Regions Using Singular Value Decomposition in Digital Image Forensics,' International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering, pp. 926-930, 2008. Mahdian and S. Saic, 'Detection of copy-move forgery using a method based on blur moment invariants.,' Elsevier Forensic Science International, vol.

[10] S.-jin Ryu, M.-jeong Lee, and H.-kyu Lee, 'Detection of Copy-Rotate- Move Forgery Using Zernike Moments,' IH, LNCS 6387, vol. Huang, and G. Qiu, 'Robust Detection of Region-Duplication Forgery in Digital Image,' 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'06), pp. 746-749, 2006. Ashima Gupta, Nisheeth Saxena, S.K. Vasistha 094-097 13. Measuring Performance Degradation in Multi-core Processors due to Shared resources Abstract: The effect of resource sharing in multicore processors can lead to many more effects most of which are undesirable.

This effect of Cross-core interference is a major performance bottleneck. It is important that Chip multiprocessors (CMPs) incorporate methods that minimise this interference. To do so, some accurate measure of Cross Core Interference needs to be devised. This paper studies the relation between Instructions per cycle (IPC) of a core and the cache miss rate across various workloads of the SPECCPU 2006 benchmark suite by conducting experimentation on a Full System simulator and makes some important observations that need to be taken into account while allocating resources to a core in multi-core processors.

Key words:: Chip Multiprocessors (CMPs), CrossCore Interference, Pre-fetching, Instructions Per Cycle (IPC), LLC ( Last Level cache)Miss rate Reference 1. Alexandra Fedorova, Margo Seltzer, Michael D.

Smith, Improving Performance Isolation on Chip Multiprocessors via an Operating System Scheduler, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Parallel Architecture and Compilation Techniques( PACT'07), Page(s): 25-36. Alex Settle, Dan Connors, Enric Gilbert, Antonio Gonzalez, A dynamically reconfigurable cache for multithreaded processors, Journal of Embedded Computing, Volume 2 Issue 2, April 2006, Page(s):221-233. Lingjia Tang, Jason Mars, Mary Lou Soffa, Contentiousness vs Sensitivity: improving contention aware runtime systems on multicar architectures, Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Adaptive Selftuning Computing Systems for the Exaflop Era ( EXADAPT'11), Pgs. Qureshi and Yale N. Patt, Utility-Based Cache Partitioning: A LowOverhead, High-Performance, Runtime Mechanism to Partition Shared Caches, in Proceedings of the 39th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO 39). IEEE Computer Society: Orlando, Florida, USA, 2006, Pgs.

Nikrouz Faroughi, Profiling of parallel processing programs on shared memory multiprocessors using Simics, ACM SIGARCH, Pgs.51-56. Sergey Zhuravlev, Sergey Blagodurov, Alexandra Fedorova, Addressing Shared Resource Contention in Multi-core Processors via Scheduling, Proceedings of the fifteenth edition of ASPLOS on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems,ASPLOS'10, Pgs.129-142.

Xiaomin Jia,Jiang Jiang, Tianlei Jhao,Shubo Qi,Minxuan Zhang, Towards Online Application Cache Behaviors Identification in CMPs, Proceedings of the High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC), 2010, Pgs. Y Xie, G H Loh.

Dynamic classification of program behaviors in CMPs. Proc Workshop on Chip Multiprocessor Memory Systems and Interconnects. Beijing, China, 2008., Pgs.28–36.

Rafael Rico, SPEC CPUint2006 characterization, Technical Report TRHPC -01-2009 10. Simics Programming Guide, Version 3.0. Simics User Guide for Unix, Version 3.0. Www.spec.org 13. Www.software.intel.com Sapna Prabhu, Dr. Daruwala 098-102 14. Ajax Architecture Implementation Techniques Abstract: Today's rich Web applications use a mix of Java Script and asynchronous communication with the application server.

This mechanism is also known as Ajax: Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. The intent of Ajax is to exchange small pieces of data between the browser and the application server, and in doing so, use partial page refresh instead of reloading the entire Web page. AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a powerful Web development model for browser-based Web applications.

Technologies that form the AJAX model, such as XML, JavaScript, HTTP, and XHTML, are individually widely used and well known. However, AJAX combines these technologies to let Web pages retrieve small amounts of data from the server without having to reload the entire page. This capability makes Web pages more interactive and lets them behave like local applications. Web 2.0 enabled by the Ajax architecture has given rise to a new level of user interactivity through web browsers.

Many new and extremely popular Web applications have been introduced such as Google Maps, Google Docs, Flickr, and so on. Ajax Toolkits such as Dojo allow web developers to build Web 2.0 applications quickly and with little effort.

Key words: Web applications, Java Script, Web application 2.0, Ajax architecture technology Reference 1. Jesse James Garrett (18 February 2005). 'Ajax: A New Approach to Web Applications'. Retrieved 19 June 2008. Ullman, Chris (March 2007). Beginning Ajax. Wrox.ISBN 978-0-470-10675-4.

Archived from the original on 5 July 2008. Retrieved 24 June 2008. 'Dynamic HTML and XML: The XMLHttpRequest Object'. Retrieved 25 June 2008. Hopmann, Alex. 'Story of XMLHTTP'.

Alex Hopmann's Blog. Retrieved 17 May 2010. 'A Brief History of Ajax'. Aaron Swartz.

22 December 2005. Retrieved 4 August 2009. 'JavaScript Object Notation'. Archived from the original on 16 June 2008. Retrieved 4 July 2008. 'Speed Up Your Ajax-based Apps with JSON'. DevX.com.Archived from the original on 4 July 2008.

Retrieved 4 July 2008. 'Why use Ajax?' 10 November 2005.Archived from the original on 29 May 2008. Retrieved 26 June 2008. 'Deep Linking for AJAX'. 'HTML5 specification'.

Retrieved 21 October 2011. Syed.Asadullah Hussaini, S.Nasira Tabassum, M.Khader Baig 111-117 16. A Review Of Failure Of Composite Materials Abstract: Composite materials are ideal for aerospace applications due to their high strength to weight ratio and their excellent fatigue resistance. Fiber reinforced Composite is widely used in light weight structures for different applications. The main properties that describe a composite material are the engineering constants and the strength properties of a single unidirectional lamina that make the laminated structure.

The experimental evaluation of these properties is quite costly and time consuming because they are functions of several variables such as the individual constituents of the composite, fiber volume fraction, packing geometry and fabrication processes. Hence, analytical models to predict these properties were developed by researchers to aid the design of composites.

In recent years numerous failure theories have been proposed and are available to the composite structural designer. Object of this review is to gather the available guide lines for theoretical models of failure analysis of fiber reinforced Composite. Reference [1].

Daniel and O. Ishai, Engineering Mechanics of Composite Materials, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2005 [2]. Tao, Purdue University, D.W. Oplinger, William J.

Hughes Technical Center, 'Comparative evaluation of failure analysis methods for composite laminates', National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, Virginia 22161. C., 'Standard Failure Criteria Needed for Advanced Composites,' AIAA. Khelifa, Eng. Journal, Vol. 29, No.2, 2011 Rajanish M, Dr. Nanjundaradhya N V, Dr.

Ramesh S Sharma, Dr. Bhaskar pal 122-124 18.

THREE-PHASE FAULT CURRENTS EVALUATION FOR NIGERIAN 28-BUS 330kv TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Abstract: Fault studies are important power system analysis for stable and economical operations of power systems. Faults are categorised as symmetrical and unsymmetrical. In this paper, three-phase symmetrical fault is simulated using the Nigerian 28-Bus, 330kV Transmission Grid.

Two different MatLab based programmes were developed; one program was for Load Flow Studies which determines prefault conditions for the power system based on Newton-Raphson method. The other program determines fault current magnitudes for threephase short-circuit on the power system.

The information gained from the fault studies can be used for proper relay select Key words: Power System, Power Flow, ThreePhase Fault, Short-Circuit Current. Reference [1] Muhammad, Aree A.

(2011), 'Simmulation of Different Types of Faults on Northern Iraq Power System', IGEC VI – 2011 – 028. [2] Ibe, A.O.

And Uzonwa, N.K. (2005), 'Power System Simulation for Short Circuit Current in the Selection of Switchgears', Nigerian Journal of Industrial and Systems Studies, Vol. 3, pp 9 – 15. [3] Okelola, M.O., Yussuf, A.A., and Awosope, C.O.A. (2005), 'Fault Analysis: An Application of Venin's Method to 330kV Transmission Grid System in Nigeria', LAUTECH Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 1, pp 30 – 43.

[4] Okemiri, O.N., (2008), 'Basic Protection Scheme on Power System', The Nigerian Tribune, Tuesday 12th February 2008, pp 24. [5] El-Hawary, M.E.

(2008), 'Introduction to Electrical Power System', Wiley, IEEE Press. [6] Ravi Kumar, S.V. And Siva Nagaraju, S. (2007), 'Loss Minimisation by Incorporation of UPFC in Load Flow Analysis', International Journal of Electrical and Power Engineering, Vol.

3, pp 321 – 327. [7] Nagrath, I.J.

And Kothari, D.P. (1994), 'Power System Engineering', Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi. [8] Wang Xi-Fan, Yonghua Song and Malcolm Irving, (2008), 'Modern Power System Analysis', Springer Science + Business Media LLC. [9] Gupta, B.R. (2006), 'Power System Analysis and Design', S. Chand and Company Ltd. [10] Mehta, V.K and Mehta Rohit (2006), 'Principles of Power Systems', S.

Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi, India. Adepoju, Muhammed A. Tijani, Mufutau A. Sanusi, Dauda O. Olatunji 125-132 19.

JIT: A Strategic Tool of Inventory Management Abstract: Investment in inventory absorbs a large portion of the working capital of a company and often it represents a large portion of the total assets of a business. By improving return on investment by increasing the rate of inventory turnover, management often wants to ensure economic efficiency.

Effective inventory management enables a firm to provide lower costs, rapid response and flexibility for its customers. Just-in-time (JIT) philosophy is most widely adopted and practices in the recent years worldwide. It aims at reducing total production costs by producing only what is immediately needed and eliminates wastes. It is based on a radically different concept, deviating substantially from the existing manufacturing practices in many respects. It is a very effective tool to reduce the wastage of inventory and manage it effectively. It has the potential to bring substantial changes in the existing setup of a company; can give it a new face, broaden its acceptability and ensure a longer life. It can strategically change the atmosphere needed for longer survival.

JIT is radically different from MRP and goes beyond materials management. The new outlook acquired by the company can meet global expectations of the customers. JIT happens to provide global markets. The present paper examines the strategic role of JIT in inventory management. Information technology helps JIT in managing inventory effectively, as it helps in integrating the components of supply chain network.

Quality aspect of inventory management has also been discussed. Key words: Inventory, Inventory management, ABC Analysis, JIT, Information system, Quality, Supply chain network, SCM.

Tersine, R.H (1994). Principles of Inventory and Materials Management, Prentice Hall, Englewood Chiffs NJ. Karmarkar, U (Sept.-Oct 1989).

Getting control of just-in-time, Harvard Business Review, pp. Ward, P (May 1994). Logistics: a simple guide, Professional Manager, pp. Schonberger, R.J (1986). World Class Manufacturing: The Lessons of Simplicity Applied, Free Press, New York. Harmon, R.L and Peterson, L.D (1990).

Reinventing the Factory: Productivity Breakthroughs in Manufacturing Today, Free Press, New York. Kaihara, T (2003). Multi-agent based Supply Chain Modeling with Dynamic Environment, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. Verwijmeren, M (2004).

Software Component Architecture in Supply Chain Management, Computers in Industry, Vol. O'Brien, James. Management Information Systems, Fourth Edition, Galgotia Publications, New Delhi. Oz Effy (1999). Management Information Systems, Galgotia Publications, New Delhi. Flowers, S (1996). Software Failure: Management failure, John Wiley, U.K.

Satyendra Singh 133-136 20. Effect of Wafer Dimension on the Dispersion and other Polarizing Abstract: In this paper we propose some index guided Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) with elliptical holes.

The design has been proposed such that it shows a decrease in the value of ratio of the area of elliptical air holes to that of the wafer dimension. The effect of variation in wafer dimension of a constant lattice size is analyzed for observing the unique properties of PCF like dispersion, birefringence, confinement loss and other polarizing properties.

The simulation of the proposed structures has been carried out using OptiFDTD simulator with Full vector mode solver using FDTD method. The dispersion reported is almost zero at a wavelength of 0.3m for some of the structures proposed. It is observed that all the structures proposed has shown the most negative dispersion in between the wavelength range of 0.35 0.4   m m .

The birefringence reported is of the order of 103. However the confinement loss reported is low and of the order of 105. Besides zero confinement loss is observed at a wavelength of 0.25m and at 0.9m for the structure proposed in configuration V and configuration I.

Key words: Photonic crystal fiber (PCF), Total international reflection (TIR), Birefringence, Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD), Transparent Boundary Condition (TBC), Confinement Loss, Vnumber, Normalized Wavelength. Reference [1] J. Birks, and P. Russell, 'Photonic bandgap guidance in optical fibers,' Science, vol. 1476-1478, Nov. Russell, 'Photonic crystal fibers: new ways to guidelight,' Science, vol. 276-277, Apr.

[3] K Suzuki, H. Kawanishi, M. Tanaka and M. Fujita, 'Opticalproperties of a low-loss polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber', Opt.

Express, vol. 670-676, July 2001. Knight, and P. Russell, 'Endless single-mode photonic crystal fiber,' Opt.

961- 963, July1997. [5] K.K.Sharma, Pranaw Kumar, 'Some novel photonic crystal fiber structures based on Pascal‟s triangle and their dispersion behaviour' ICECT 2012, Kanyakumari, India, april6-8,2012.

Nakajima, and I. Sankawa, 'Dispersion flattened photoniccrystal fiber with large effective area and low confinement loss,' J. Technol., vol. 4178–4183, Dec. [7] M Pourmahyabadi and Sh. Mohammad Nejad, ― Numerical analysis of IndexGuiding photonic crystal fibers with low confinement loss and ultra-flattened dispersion by FDFD method,‖ Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science & Technology, vol. 3, pp.170-179, Sep.

[8] Ritu Sharma,Vijay jaynyani, Rahul gupta 'Effect of wafer dimension on the mode profile in PCF,' International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, vol2,no. 6,November 2009. Varshney, N.J. Fujisawa, Numerical investigation and optimization of a photonic crystal fiber for simultaneous dispersion compensation over S+C+L wavelength bands,‖ Optics Communications, vol 274, pp.74-79, 2007. [10] H.Ademgil, S.Haxha,'Highly birefringent PCF with ultralow chromatic dispersion and low confinement loss', Journal of light wave technology, Vol. [11] Razzak, S.M Abdur,Namihira, Yoshinori,'Simultaneous control of dispersion and confinement loss with octogonal PCF for communication system', The international conference on electrical engineering 2008, No.

Joannopoulos, Steven G. Ohnson, Josgua N. Winn, Robert D.

Mede, Photonic crystal fiber: Molding the flow of light, 2nd edition, Priceton University Press, 2008. Properties of PCF Pranaw Kumar, Abhijit Mishra, Shashi Bhushan Panda, Swagat Mohanty 137-142 21. Lean manufacturing: A better way for enhancement in productivity Abstract: Productivity is the impact of peoples working together. Machines are merely an extended way of collective imagination and energy. Lean Manufacturing is the most used method for continues improvement of business. Organization management philosophy focusing on the reduction of wastage to improve overall customer value. 'Lean' operating principles began in manufacturing environments and are known by a variety of synonyms; Lean Manufacturing, Lean Production, Toyota Production System, etc.

It is commonly believed that Lean started in Japan 'The notable activities in keeping the price of Ford products low is the steady restriction of the production cycle. The longer an article is in the process of manufacture and the more it is moved about, the greater is its ultimate cost.' 'A systematic approach to identifying and eliminating waste through continuous improvement, flowing the product at the pull of the customer in pursuit of perfection.'

Keep in mind that Lean applies to the entire organization. Although individual components or building blocks of Lean may be tactical and narrowly focused, we can only achieve maximum effectiveness by using them together and applying them cross-functionally through the system.

Reference [1]. McKenzie and J. Roberts, (2011a), 'Does managementmatter: Evidence from India', NBER Working Paper 16658. Van Reenen (2011b), 'Americans do I.T.

US multinationals and the productivity miracle' Monden, Yasuhiro, Toyota Production System: An Integrated Approach to Just-in- [3]. Time (Third Edition), Engineering & Management Press, NorcrossJerry Kilpatrick, Lean Principles, Utah Manufacturing Extension Partnership, 2003 [4]. E., Schroeder, R. O., The impact of Total Productive Maintenance on manufacturing performance. Journal of Operations Management, 19 (1), 39-58.

Achanga, P., Shehab, E., Roy, R., and Nelder, G., (2006), 'Critical success factors for Lean implementation within SMEs', Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, vol. Pankaj Kumar Ahir,Lalit Kumar Yadav, Saurabh Singh Chandrawat 143-146 22. Synthesis, Characterization and Alignment of Mn2+ and/or Eu3+ Doped Cadmium Telluride Nanowires Abstract: The foremost objective of the proposed research is to synthesize magnetically-active CdTe nanowires that can be manipulated by magnetic fields.

The ability to do so will facilitate fabrication of molecular electronics and a whole host of other potential applications. The research will employ doping of CdTe with either Mn2+ or Eu3+ or a mixture of both to create nanoparticles with net magnetic moments.

The particles size and morphology will be probed by AFM and TEM while the extent of doping and distribution of dopant ions will be determined by bulk analysis by ICP, surface analysis by XPS, EPR and X-ray powder diffraction. The magnetic moment and magnetic ordering will be determined by use of a SQUID magnetometer. Doped CdTe particles with suitable magnetic moments will then be converted to CdTe wires using a technique originally developed for undoped CdTe. The changes in morphology, size, composition, and structure will be monitored using the same analytical methods used for characterization of the precursor nanoparticles. Finally, nanowires that possess a sufficient magnetic moment will be aligned using a magnetic field to prove the viability of this approach for manufacturing nanoscale devices and electronics.

Key words: dopant, morphology, nanowire, lithography, paramagnetism Reference 1. J.; Razavi, B.; Smith, P. A.; Mbindyo, J.

K.; Natan, M. J.; Mayer, T.

S.; Mallouk, T. A.; Keating, C. D.; Electrochemical synthesis of multi-material nanowires as building blocks for functional nanostructures, Mat. Symp., 2001, 636, D4.6.1-5 2. Fasol, G., Selective Electrodeposition of magnetic and metallic nanowires: A new approach to a fundamental technology, Eurotechnology Japan K. Feltin, N.; Levy, L.; Ingert, D., Unusual static and dynamic magnetic properties of Cd1-xMnxS nanocrystals, J.

Of Applied Physics, 2000, 87, 3, 1415-1423 4. A.; Wiacek, R. J.; Saunders, A. E.; Korgel, B. A.; Synthesis and characterization of dilute magnetic semiconductor manganese-doped indium arsenide nanocrystals, Nanoletters, 2003, 3, 10, 1441-1447 5. Jun, Y; Jung, Y.; Cheon, J., Architectireal control of magnetic semiconductor nanocrystals, J.

Soc., 2002, 124, 4, 615-619 6. Tsujii, N.; Kitazawa, H.; Kido, G., Magnetic properties of Mn and Eu doped ZnS nanocrystals, J. Of Applied Physics, 2003, 93, 10, 6957-6959 7. Schrier, J.; Whaley, K.

B., A simple model for magnetization ratios in doped nanocrystals, Condensed Matter, 2003, 1-8 8. Viswanatha, R.; Sapra, S.; Gupta, S. S.; Satpati, B.; Satyam, P. N.; Sarma, D. D., Synthesis and characterization of Mn-doped ZnO nanocrystals, J. B, 2004, 108, 6303-6310 9.

A.; Norberg, N. S.; Nguyen, Q.

P.; Parker, J. M.; Gamelin, D. R.; Magnetic quantum dots: Synthesis, spectroscopy, and magnetism of Co2+ and Ni2+ doped ZnO nanocrystals, J. Soc., 2003, 125, 8 10. A.; Wiacek, R. J.; Saunders, A. E.; Korgel, B.

A., Synthesis and characterization of dilute magnetic semiconductor manganese-doped indium arsenide nanocrystals, Nanoletters, 2003, 3, 10, 1441-1447 Volkan Cicek, Mehmet Ozdemir 147-157 23. Use of Experimental Box-Behnken Design for the Estimation of Interactions Between Harmonic Currents Produced by Single Phase Loads Abstract: In this paper, it is aimed to deal with the interactions of harmonic currents produced by different single phase loads. For this purpose, compact fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps, and electric heaters were chosen as single phase loads.

The study was performed by adopting a full range of response surface methodology using Box–Behnken experimental design to express the net harmonic current (3rd and 5th) as an empirical model. The model provided an excellent explanation of the relationship among the number of loads and the net harmonic currents. Contour graphs of some of the harmonic currents was plotted to show the interactions clearly and to discuss the results of model in the graphic detail.

The results of experiments showed that the harmonic interaction between the loads can be defined as a regression model which is statistically significant. Key words: Box-Behnken Design, Harmonic Currents, Harmonic Distortion, Single Phase Loads Reference 1 Y.J. Wang, 'Summation of harmonic currents produced by AC/DC static power converters with randomly fluctuating loads', IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 1129-1135, 1994. 2 Task Force on Harmonics Modeling and Simulation, 'Modeling devices with nonlinear voltage-current characteristics for harmonic studies', IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 1802- 1811, 2004.

Blaabjerg, 'Harmonic cancellation by mixing nonlinear single-phase and three-phase loads', IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 152-159, 2000. 4 Task Force on Harmonics Modeling and Simulation, 'Modeling and simulation of the propagation of harmonics in electric power networks, Part I: Concepts, models, and simulation techniques', IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 452-465, 1996. BaSudan, Y.G. Hegazy, 'Probabilistic modeling of distribution system loads for harmonic studies', IEEE, Vol. 1778-1781, 2001.

Mansoor, W.M. Thallam, M.T. Samotyj, 'Predicting the net harmonic currents produced by large numbers of distributed single-phase computer loads', IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol.

2001-2006, 1995. Mansoor, E.F. Doyle, 'Estimating the net harmonic currents produced by selected distributed single-phase loads: computers, televisions, and incandescent light dimmers', IEEE, Vol.

1090-1094, 2002. Prudenzi, 'The continuous harmonic monitoring of single-phase electronic appliances: desktop PC and printers', IEEE, Vol. 697-702, 2000.

Mohamed, 'Determining harmonic characteristics of typical single phase non-linear loads', Proc. Student Conference on Research andDevelopment (SCORED), Putrajaya, Malaysia, August 2003 10 U. Prudenzi, 'Time-varying harmonics of single-phase non-linear appliances', IEEE, Vol.

1066-1071, 2002. Oguz Perincek, Metin Colak 158-165 24. AES-128 Bit Algorithm Using Fully Pipelined Architecture for Secret Communication Abstract: In this paper, an efficient method for high speed hardware implementation of AES algorithm is presented. So far, many implementations of AES have been proposed, for various goals that effect the Sub Byte transformation in various ways.

These methods of implementation are based on combinational logic and are done in polynomial bases. In the proposed architecture, it is done by using composite field arithmetic in normal bases. In addition, efficient key expansion architecture suitable for 6 sub pipelined round units is also presented. These designs were described using VerilogHDL, simulated using Modelsim. Key words: AES, VLSI Cryptosystems, Encryption, Decryption, Block Cipher, Encipher, Decipher Reference [1] National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Information Technology Laboratory (ITL), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) Publication 197, November 2001 [2] X. Parhi, On the Optimum Constructions of Composite Field for the AES Algorithm, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II: Express Briefs, VOL. 10, OCTOBER 2006.

Fischer and M. Drutarovsky, Two methods of Rijndael mplementation in reconfigurable hardware, in Proc. CHES 2001, Paris, France, May 2001, pp. Verbauwhede, Architectural optimization for a 1.82 Gbits/sec VLSI implementation of the AES Rijndael algorithm, in Proc.

CHES 2001, Paris, France, May 2001, pp. McLoone and J. McCanny, Rijndael FPGA implementation utilizing look-up tables, in IEEEWorkshop on Signal Processing Systems,Sept. Rijmen, Efficient Implementation of the Rijndael S-box, 2000. Available online at www.iaik.tugraz.at/RESEARCH/krypto /AES/old / rijmen/ rijndael/sbox.pdf. Munetoh, A Compact Rijndael Hardware Architecture with S-Box Optimization, Proceedings of ASIACRYPT 2001, LNCS Vol.2248, pp.

239 - 254, Springer-Verlag, December 2001. Preneel, and I. Verbauwhede, A Systematic Evaluation of Compact Hardware Implementations for the Rijndael SBox, In Alfred Menezes, editor, CT-RSA, volume 3376 of LNCS, pages323-333. Springer, 2005. Rohatgi, Efficient implementation of Rijndael encryption with composite field arithmetic, in Proc.

CHES, Paris, France, May 2001, pp. [10] J.Wolkerstorfer, E. Oswald, and M. Lamberger, An ASIC implementation of the AES S-boxes, in Proc. RSA Conf., San Jose, CA, Feb.2002, pp. Parhi, High-speed VLSI architectures for the AES algorithm, IEEE Trans. VLSI Systems, Vol.

957 - 967, Sept. Mazocca, and A. Strollo,, An FPGA based performance analysis of the unrolling, tiling and pipelining of the AES algorithm, Proc. FPL 2003, Portugal, Sept. M.Gnanambika, S.Adilakshmi, Dr.Fazal Noorbasha 166-169 25. Finger Vein &Texture Recognization Using Score Level Fusion And 2-D Gabor Filter For Human Identification Abstract: The paper presents a new approach to improve the performance of finger-vein identification systems presented in the literature. The proposed system simultaneously acquires the finger-vein and low-resolution fingerprint images and combines these two evidences using a novel score-level combination strategy.

We examine the previously proposed finger-vein identification approaches and develop a new approach that illustrates it superiority over prior published efforts. We develop and investigate two new scorelevel combinations, i.e., holistic and nonlinear fusion, and comparatively evaluate them with more popular score-level fusion approaches to ascertain their effectiveness in the proposed system. Key words: Fingerprint Recognization,FingerVein Recognization,Fusion,Hand Biometrics Reference [1] Encyclopedia of Biometrics, S. New York: Springer- Verlag, 2009.

Park, 'Restoration method of skin scattering blurred vein image for finger vein recognition,' Electron. 1074–1076, Oct. [3] J.-D.Wu and S.-H.

Ye, 'Driver identification using finger-vein patterns with Radon transform and neural network,' Expert Sys. And Appl., vol. Method,' U.S.

Patent 20 100 080 422 A1, Apr. 1, 2010 [4] Feature extraction of finger vein patterns based on repeated line tracking and its application to personal identification - N. Nagasaka, and T. Miyatake,2004 [5]. Extraction of finger-vein patterns using maximum curvature points in image profiles - N.

Nagasaka, and T. Human identification using knucklecodes - A. Personal recognition using hand-shape and texture - A. Pores and ridges: High resolution fingerprint matching using level 3 features - A.K. Diptanu Bhowmik 170-177 26.

Determining the atmospheric stability classes for Mazoe in Northern Zimbabwe Abstract: The paper presents the method that was used in determining the atmospheric stability classes for a place called Mazoe Citrus situated in Northern Zimbabwe for two consecutive years, 2011 and 2012. The stability classes are an important tool to be used in the environmental impact assessment for an area before an industrial power plant is set up. The study has shown that conditions favoring neutral stability are prevalent and that there is moderate to strong winds with slight insolation and a cloud cover of more than 50% for 60% of the time Key words: stability class, effluent, insolation, temperature Reference [1] Canepa. L, Ratto C.F, Plume rise description in the code SAFE AIR. International journal of environment and Pollution, 14 (6), 2000, 235-245.

[2] Essa, K, Mubarak S, Elsaid F, Effects of plume rise and wind speed on extreme values of air pollutants concentration. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics; Sprigler 93(3), 2006, 247-253. Y, Lamb B leclers M.Y, Lovejoy S, Multifractional analysis of line source plume concentration in surface layer flows.

Journal of applied Meteorology 40, 2001, 229-245. [4] Georgopoulos P.G, sanfield J.H, Instanteneous concentration fluctuations in point source plumes, AlChE journal 32(10), 1986, 1042-1654. [5] Gifford, F.A, Atmospheric transport and diffusion over cities; Nuclear safety 13, 1972, 391-402.

[6] Slade D.H, Meteorology and Atomic Energy,(National information services,1968) S. Magidi 178-181 27.

A Generalized Approach for Kinematic Synthesis and Analysis of Alternate Mechanism for Stone Crusher Using Relative Velocity Method Abstract: In this paper alternate mechanism for design and analysis of small size stone crusher mechanism is discussed. The basic idea is to optimize the design of the crusher which would be best suited for stone which need crushing force of 3 Tons. Presently for reducing sizes of stones from 10cm x 10cm to 2.5cm x 2.5cm in quarries is laborious job and is done manually our approach is to design a best optimum mechanism for said conditions. Key words: Dynamic, Kinematic synthesis and analysis, Sector gear, Static. Reference 1) Anjali J.

Modak, Design and Development of a small capacity stone crusher mechanism, Indian Journal of Applied Research, Volume: 3,Issue: 2 February 2013,ISSN - 2249- 555X 2) Dr. Reifschneider, Teaching Kinematic Synthesis of Linkages without Complex Mathematics, journal of Industrial Technology, Volume 21, Number 4-October 2005 through December. Books: 3) Dr. Habib,MEG 373'Kinematic and Dynamics of Machinery', Chapter 5 Force Analysis. Collins, Henery Busby, George Stoab, 'Mechanical Design of Machine Elements & Machines' Chapter 18 Flywheel and High –Speed Rotors.

5) Shriniwas S. Bali, Satish Chand, Transmission Angle in Mechanism (Triangle in mech), Pergamon Mechanism and Machine Theory 37(2002)175-195. Waldron / Gary L.

Kinzel, Kinematice, Dynamics,& Design of Machinery, edition 2007. Khurmi and J.K.

Gupta, Theory of Machines, edition 2002 8) Robert L.Norton,Machine Design,pearson Second edition. 9) Amitabha Ghosh and Ashok Kumar Mallik,Theory of Mechanisms and Machines,Third Edition Reprint 2008. Theses: 10) James G.

D Thesis in Minning and Mineral Engineering, 'Fracture toughness based models for the prediction of power consumption,product size, and capacity of jaw crushers' July 2003. 11) Robert L.Norton,Machine Design,pearson Second edition. Modak 189-194 29. Sufficient Number of Diversity Antennas for 64 QAM over Wireless Fading Channel Abstract: This paper describes the calculation of the absolute diversity gain (ADG) and relative diversity gain (RDG) in SNR in order to determine the sufficient number of diversity antennas for 64 QAM for different Rician parameter K. The effect of increase in Rician parameter K is simulated for 64 QAM and the bit error rate for different Rician parameter K (0, 6 & 12) is simulated in MATLAB. The sufficient number of diversity antennas for K=0 dB, 6 dB and 12 dB is found to be four, two and one respectively, for 64 QAM.

The effect of increase in Rician parameter K is simulated for 64 QA M. Key words: 64 QAM, Rician parameter, Absolute Diversity Gain, Relative Diversity Gain, Bit error rate, diversity antennas Reference [1] BER Performance of Reed-Solomon Code Using M-ary FSK Modulation in AWGN Channel, International Journal of Advances in Science and Technology, Vol. 3, No.1, 2011 [2] Difference Threshold Test forM-FSK SignalingWith Reed–Solomon Coding and Diversity Combining in Rayleigh Fading Channels, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 3, MAY 2005 [3] Performance Analysis of Combined Transmit Selection Diversity and Receive Generalized Selection Combining in Rayleigh Fading Channels Xiaodong Cai, Member, IEEE, and Georgios B.

Giannakis, Fellow, IEEE, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 6, NOVEMBER 2004 [4] Bit-Error Probabilities of 2 and 4DPSK with Nonselective Rayleigh Fading, Diversity Reception, and Correlated Gaussian Interference,Pooi Yuen Kam, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 4, APRIL 1997 [5] D.

Brennan, 'Linear Diversity Combining Techniques,' Proc. Alouini, Digital Communications over Fading Channels. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 2000. Reed, 'Linear diversity analyses for M-PSK in Rician fading channels,' IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 1749-1753, Nov. Vinay Negi, Sanjeev Kumar Shah, Sandeep Singh, Arun Shekhar, Tanuja Sund 205-207 31.

Comparison of Interestingness Measures: Support-Confidence Framework versus Lift-Irule Framework Abstract: Data Mining is considered to be a step of paramount importance in the process of Knowledge Discovery in Databases. The term 'Interestingness Measure' unequivocally forms a very essential aspect of extraction of 'interesting' rules from databases. As there are a huge number of association rules or patterns that are generated by most Association Rule Mining Algorithms, there arises a need to prune away the unnecessary and unwanted rules.

The rules that are crucial and indispensable can therefore be presented to the end user based on the application of these 'Interestingness Measures'. The reason this is done is so that the user gets a narrow focus on only those rules that will provide better business understanding and intelligence.

However, there are a plethora of measures available today, and selecting the best amongst them requires a thorough research on each of them. This paper therefore provides a comparative study of certain important measures, thereby highlighting which measure is apt for application in which situation. Key words: Association Rule Mining, Confidence, Interestingness Measures, Irule, Lift, Support Reference Journal Papers: [1] Zaid Makani, Sana Arora and Prashasti Kanikar. Article: A Parallel Approach to Combined Association Rule Mining.

International Journal of Computer Applications 62(15), 2013, 7-13. Wets, Defining Interestingness for Association Rules, International Journal 'Information Theories & Applications', Vol.10, 370 – 375. [3] Prashasti Kanikar, Dr. Ketan Shah, Extracting Actionable Association Rules from Multiple Datasets, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 2, Issue 3, May-Jun 2012, pp.1295-1300 [4] Prashasti Kanikar and Ketan Shah, An Efficient Approach for Extraction of Actionable Association Rules. International Journal of Computer Applications 54(11), 2012, 5-10. [5] Yuejin Zhang, Lingling Zhang, Guangli Nie, Yong Shi, A Survey of Interestingness Measures for Association Rules, International Conference on Business Intelligence and Financial Engineering, 2009, 460 – 463.

[6] Jianhua Liu, Xiaoping Fan, Zhihua Qu, A New Interestingness Measure of Association Rules, Second International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing, 2008, 393 – 397. [7] Philippe Lenca, Patrick Meyer, Benoit Vaillant, Stephane Lallich, On selecting interestingness measures for association rules: User oriented description and multiple criteria decision aid, European Journal of Operational Research, Volume 184, issue 2 (January 16, 2008), 610-626. Thesis: [8] Xuan – Hiep Huynh, Interestingness Measure for Association Rules in a KDD process: Post processing of rules with ARQAT tool, doctoral diss., University of Nantes, Nantes, 2010. Proceedings Papers: [9] Paulo J.

Azevedo, Al´ıpio M. Jorge, Comparing Rule Measure for Predictive Association Rules, Proceeding ECML of the 18th European conference on Machine Learning, Springer–Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007, 510- 517.

[10] Pang– Ning Tan, Vipin Kumar, Jaideep Srivastava, Selecting the Right Interestingness Measure for Association Patterns, Proceeding of the eighth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining, New York, USA, 2002, pp. [11] Merceron, A., and Yacef, K. Interestingness Measures for Association Rules in Educational Data. Proceedings for the 1st International Conference on Educational Data Mining, Montreal, Canada, 2008, 57 – 66. Chandraveer S.Deora, Sana Arora, Zaid Makani 208-215 32.

Optimal Selectionof Binary Codes for Pulse Compression in Surveillance Radar Abstract: The papers aim to make a comparative study of binary phase codes in Radar pulse compression. Pulse compression allows radar to use long waveforms in order to obtain high energy and simultaneously achieve the resolution of a short pulse by internal modulation of the longpulse.

This technique increases signal bandwidth through frequency or phase coding. This paper does a comparative analysis of binary codes based on the simulation results of their autocorrelation function and identifies 13 bit Barker code as the most optimal binary code for surveillance radar. Key words: Pulse compression, Range resolution, Peak side lobe level (PSL), Barker Code, Golay Code Reference [1] Merrill I. Skolnik, Introduction to radar systems, McGraw Hill Book Company Inc.,1962. [2] Carpentier, Michel H., 'Evolution of Pulse Compression in the Radar Field,' Microwave Conference, 1979. 9th European, vol., no., pp.45-53, 17-20 Sept.

1979 [3] Prasad, N.N.S.S.R.K.; Shameem, V.; Desai, U.B.; Merchant, S.N.;, 'Improvement in target detection performance of pulse coded Doppler radar based on multicarrier modulation with fast Fourier transform (FFT),' Radar, Sonar and Navigation, IEEE Proceedings -, vol.151, no.1, pp. 11- 17, Feb 2004doi: 10.1049/ip-rsn:20040119 [4] Bassem R. Mahafza,'Radar Signal Analysis and processing using MATLAB',- CRC Press 2009 Sonia Sethi 216-223 33. Implementing NAND Flash Controller using Product Reed Solomon code on FPGA chip Abstract: Reed–Solomon (RS) codes are widely used to identify and correct errors in storage systems and transmission and. When RS codes are used for so many memory system and reduces error in data.

(255, 223) product ReedSolomon (RS) for non-volatile NAND flash memory systems. Reed-Solomon codes are the most used in digital data storage systems, but powerful for tool burst errors. To correct multiple random errors and burst errors in order, The composing of product code in to column-wise RS codes and row-wise RS codes may allow to decode multiple errors beyond their error correction capability.

The consists of proposed code is two shortened RS codes and a conventional Reed-Solomon code.The nonvolatile NAND flash Controller memory systems. Reed-Solomon codes are the most Powerful used in data storage systems. The proposed coding scheme on a FPGA-based simulator with using an FPGA device. The proposed code can correct 16 symbol erro.

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• – Very Important! • • • • • •, 2013) • • • • •. Hi friend, it is a link available on the website 1)2)3)4)5)6)These are links where you can get a detail strategy of all papers.

Anubhav, Good to know that you are planning early for this exam. Because you have plenty of time, you can focus on building a strong foundation needed for this exam. Cultivate the habit of reading two newspapers every day (The Hindu and Business Standard). Start writing about current events. Widen your knowledge about India and the world by reading extensively from standard books – you can go through this post for Must Read books – () This exam is more about your aptitude, attitude, integrity, understanding of the society, awareness about the national and international events and critical perspective on them, finally it more about your concern and empathy for the society too. So cultivate these important traits for three years.

Then the exam will be cake walk for you. Use every day productively with an eye on Indian Foreign Service (I hope you meant it, not forest service) For any specific guidance you can always visit this site. A) I have made a ‘word document’ of the suggestion given by toppers for the preparation of GS. There, they suggest to look into the map to mark the places, which are in news. May I know, is the suggestion to look into map for the places in news, tuned in, with the post 2010 era of UPSC exam pattern?

B) In the same word document,the toppers suggest to make the notes as well as keep the “newspaper cuttings” for the revisions. How to identify the newspaper articles to make the notes for, and to cut, for further reference? (I do make notes from the newspaper!!! ) How to prepare for CSE(in the right direction), is itself a matter “research”!!! -a CSE-14 aspirant.

Abhishek, a) Places and People are now out of the UPSC’s scheme of things for Prelims and Mains. If your optional is Geography, for Paper-II this might help, but not much. Now the focus is on checking one’s ability to give their critical perspective on wide range of issues. The era of checking factual rote knowledge is history now. Your basic understanding of the topics in the syllabus and opinion on related issues is all that matters now. B) This ‘Note Making from Newspaper’ is an eternal dilemma/confusion/headache for many aspirants. In Prelims, current events are out now – again, concepts matter more here.

In mains, you get lot of magazines, current event compendiums to get a quick glance of ‘current events’. So, read paper for understanding wide range of issues. To cultivate Opinion.

To get the gist of national and international events. To develop critical perspective on important socio-economic issues. If an article stimulates your thought, cut it and save it. If a report is related to the syllabus – save it.

I personally think that making notes from newspapers is not needed. It is time consuming. Instead, devote more time on finishing the whole syllabus. If one is comfortable, no objection to it though. But making notes from standard texts/books is a must. Finally, How To Prepare is all about FINISHING the WHOLE syllabus FIRST.

Syllabus is the ultimate guide. Most aspirants, even after giving the mains and interview, can’t recall contents of the syllabus. This is a fact. What would you suggest a guy who is willing to join any test series for mains? Some of the probable points that I expect in your reply are (firstly try to decide the ‘direction of preparation’ by the comprehensive analysis of the ‘recent’ previous year question papers) a) complete the static portion and have unassailable command on the dynamic portion(by making notes from newspapers/magazines/website ). B) try to solve the questions of the previous your GS papers(the questions which are like current era of GS questions). Referring to the previous year optional question paper for the corresponding parts of GS would do no harm!

C) try to write comments on the several popular “news website”, showing your own opinion. Once, you are ‘comfortable and confident’ with the above three points, then only think of joining a ‘mains test series’ -a CSE-2014 aspirant •.

Well, if the question has a directive ‘Critically Examine’, then you need to know important provisions of the bill, how different it is from the old land acquisition act, any objections, It’s positive and negative impact on the stakeholders (farmers, government and industries) and your take on it. Examine is nothing but deep inspection.

When asked to do it critically, your answer should be balanced. Your answer should not be biased for or against one party. On deep probe, you will find points in favour or against all the stakeholders. Pack all of them effectively and objectively within word limit.

You will be awarded good marks. Sir I arranged all the book u mentioned in Insight and I want to appear and clear it in my very first attempt ie 2014 prelims and I want to prepare both prelims and mains together Sir please give me a proper Time table or the details when should I complete which topic/paper also I am taking anthropology as my optional subject and everything without coachingI can give around 10 hours for the preparation and I have engineering background Sir I need your helponly u r the one who made me believe that IAS can be cracked in 1st attempt and with one year,’s preparation •. Sir, I am this year engineering graduate and is now working in a company. I want to appear for UPSC-2014 an have been preparing for it since last year but I still feel that a good amount of labour required to be put for Mains as the syllabus has been widened the last year. In Prelims I find myself comfortable.The basic doubt that I am having is whether to leave the job now and prepare whole heartedly for UPSC or have a 1 year or something work-experience and then jump into it just to ensure I have something as backup in case I require to return to my original field(seeing the success rate of UPSC, though it may be termed NONSENSE). Sir please helpThanks for the counselling. Sir, I have taken coaching last year in Hyd.

Sir with deep appreciation & thankfulness to ur masterpiece efforts.i request u to suggest how to revise the huge pile of current affairs & news,specially for working aspirants like me.since there are so many news,events articles,editorials in/& so many newspapers,mags,other sources and sites accumulating vast source every day(even if chosen selectively & carefully). Even monthly revision takes so much time.notes making daily consumes more time which is already to manage.after putting much efforts daily going through them retaining them till exam is what i am unable to devise any solution for.kindly help,sir •. Dear Sir, on Oct 8 you mentioned that in a week you would write an article on integrated approach to Prelims+Mains-2014, which would solve most of your doubts for preparations.

Sir Oct month has reached to its end, can you please write that article and guide us allI have to clear this exam in my first attempt only & with your guidance and support of entire team InsightI am dam sure that I will clear it. PS: If you have already written the article on integrated approach to Prelims+Mains-2014, then can you please give me the link.

Kindly Help Sir Have A Great Day •. Hello sir, First of all i would like to congratulate you on the fantastic job you have been doing, which is of immense help to aspirants like me. However, i have a question. The study material for the static part of gs is abundant. It would be much helpful if you could provide a strategy regarding the dynamic part that is India year book and current affairs.

Given the size of India year book and the amount of data within, it requires a separate strategy of its own. Also, i would like to ask, how important is remembering the figures such as xyz crores or xyz km or xyz year is important while writing an answer.

I would be extremely thankful if you could take some time out to answer these questions. Thanks & regards •. Hey Vinay, So mains of CSE 2013 is approaching, I have this idea. People needs to revise on the previous day of the exam. So can you open for chat on the previous day of exam, so that people can interactively post things that are important. This will help immensely and people can read what they have missed.

Insights team can predict some questions along with the participants. This would be supplement our own revision notes. This should run only for 4 GS papers strictly on these days. 1>Dec 1 and 2 for first 2 GS papers.

2>Dec 3 and 4 for last 2 GS papers. Can you think on these lines? I know you can come up with a gem of an idea. Folks what do you think? We don’t think it’s a good idea.

We actively discourage any chat/discussion/debate other than subject related matter. Also it’s not possible for anyone to read/revise new things just before exam. One should actually take good rest. 🙂 And it is fact that no one can complete 100% syllabus and go to exam hall. There is no need to predict questions.

Already more than 300 questions are available at Daily Answer Writing Challenge (UPSC is smart and we are not under any illusion that our questions would figure in Mains papers) Anyway thanks a lot for suggestion. I would like to thanks whole Insight team for these extremely helpful materials and guidance. Actually i came from a rural area with a hope of cracking upsc exam which is the most prestigious and responsible job our country don’t know how to prepare and what to prepare and where from to prepare. And suddenly i came across this website.

Atleast now i have a direction and online guidancehope it will help me to achieve my dreams. THANKS A LOT AGAIN.ADMIN!!!

Admin i couldn’t find buisness standerd in my localitycould you please help me?? From where to study economic situations?? Subhradeep, If this website is helping you in your preparation we are more than happy:) There is no separate book for ‘economic situations’ as such. You need to keep yourself updated with daily newspaper and you can also refer to either ‘Economic Times’ newspaper or any ‘business magazine- say business standard/economist’ if you are very keep in knowing more about the economics part. For ‘business standard’ refer- For ‘economist’ refer – But don’t refer all the sources. Just keep any one as your reference. Since there are other things to cover too 🙂 •.

Hello Vinay, I am a great admirer of open source. Nothing should be totally free in this world. I believe user/buyer should be able to pay the cost for the product that the product is worth of.

In this process the market would decide the exact cost of the product. A good product sustains and a bad one perishes. I am using this website and want to use this monthly magazine as well. Using this website without paying anything does not make your effort sustainable. So can you please device a method through which i can pay/fund the initiative as much as i can.

It can be Rs10, 20, 50 or 100. Quantity is not important right now as it would grow over period of time. I dont intend to evaluate your effort through money but it would act as motivation to improve further. Please consider the suggestion. “Using this website without paying anything does not make your effort sustainable.”.

Totally disagree with the statement and I very sure it won’t sustain if it will start charging. I guess Insights, If I am true, would never thought of such kind of idea before starting initiative. Money can’t be motivation for improvements. You can join coaching at Delhi who are charging lakhs of Rs for their effort. Yes if user wants to give donation then there should be a provision, but will donation sustainable I am doubtful. How long you are eager to give donation?

If you want to give something then I will suggest give some food to poor for that money. Insight is providing notes and analysis through initiative “Secure-2014” along with “current events” (only from The Hindu). Go through it regularly and you will find that it is covering those articles which is relevant to UPSC syllabus. This is the way of reading newspaper. If you are able to revise these articles again and again then it is good, no need to bother about Frontline as it is fortnight magazine of The Hindu itself. (Please someone correct me if frontline is necessary) AIR discussion, yes you can go ahead with it and it is really relevant. Sir, My thanks for your initiative regarding conducting test series.

I m sure most will join and make use of your service. Amount wont be a big deal as the benefit going to be very valuable. My kind request.kindly start by december and finish before august 1st week. As Rohit said, kindly include mains too in test as we will be having short time only for preparing mains after the prelims result. It would be great help for us if we take tests for prelims and mains simultaneously. Thank you INSIGHT •. Regarding The Hindu link sharing issue(19th Nov).

If they don’t allow you to post links then you just mention(along with date) that read so and so section and so and so news from the hindu or some other news paper but don’t stop this initiative. This is really helping us specially SECURE 2014. We don’t follow each and every newspaper but you provide some important links. India joins deep sea mining race from THE GUARDIAN. We don’t follow such newspapers because of the lack of time but because of you i came to know about that news related to india. So please continue with your work.

Please please •. To Whomsoever I am a Mangalorian, Karnataka. Right now i’m studying in Madras Christian College, Chennai, pursuing my Post Graduation in Public Administration. I never trusted any website so far in my life, but i am completely carried away by your effort. As regards i am even propagating InsightsonIndia in my college. It is only your credibility that made you successful today.

Actually i’m following from July 2013 & your progress is commendable. And i would like to join your institute if you come up with reasonable fee and “no mercy just churning attitude”. Don’t spare us, just screw us. Its really amazing that InsightsonIndia is going to start offline coaching too in Bangalore.Its really a great idea, because Bangalore is the city which has every thing but dedicated & credible Civil Services Coaching facility. Those institutions which are there now are just minting money. I have experienced it myself it as i took coaching in one of the money minded institution in 2011.

It was inevitable for me to join that institution as i had no other reasonable choices& even today. Karnataka has produced several stalwarts in all the fields, but when it comes to the Civil Services the state is doing nothing. Even other states like Tamil Nadu & Kerala in South India have government institutes, that they are actually performing quite well.I must tell you that it is not the question of brains but the exposure.

And i honestly feel that if you can give the result which involves many Karnataka born candidates even along with other brothers & sisters of my country, definitely Bangalore will turn to be the IAS hub in South India because in South India Bangalore is the real metropolitan city as i have personally observing it right now being in Chennai. I want to make one request that please do not keep exorbitant fee. And do have regular classes, unlike others who target innocent IT professionals to mint money by conducting classes during only weekends. If you can provide hostel facility to all your candidates, that will really do well, because in Bangalore living cost is too high. And even students will have a feeling of a formal education and that will keep them highly competitive as they do observe each other under one roof.

Sir, i am Rahman 26 year old, from a remote village of malappuaram district,Kerala. Currently am working with my father.he is a hill produce dealer. Frankly telling i don’t have any academic background. I did my graduation in BA English from calicut university as distance.

I couldn’t fetch good marks but passed with 42%. And never read more books i want to secure cse 2014.i heard about insight through my friend when i shared my wish. I just went through the upsc syllabus topic by topic.its quiet interesting. So pls guide me sir from where to start??? How to start??/.

Hi Aditya i too have doubt regarding 2 point mentioned by Harsha Katara. I started prepration around 2 months back. My plan was secure 2014.= 3-4 hrs (bcz most of the questions demands for analys i will search for the material) around 1 hr for news paper, and 2-3 for rest of my general subjects with aptitude practice. Please Aditya clear my doubt whether i am on right path, bcz of general studies. But when i see this year main question paper all they want is analysing capability Vast reading of news paper. If wrong please tell me How to Cope up with both mains and Prelims thanks in advance vinod •.

Hi insights im back. Been 10 days since i read a newspaper n already i feel like a dinosaur out of touch wit our nation.

I’m kickstarting interview prep today with my DAF. I’l be reading a few books about naxalism, terrorism, RAW and policing in the next couple of months.Got them during mains prep n raring to start off. I’l also try n write reviews about them n highlight important sections so my readings can be of some use to fellow aspirants. Eagerly waiting for your interview platform. Any advice on interview would b much appreciated. @ Insights Sir, I am a regular viewer of this site.

Presently I just write answers daily in my register only and do not post that in comments. There is significant improvement in my writing skills after I started writing daily. I extend my sincere gratitude for your noble efforts benefiting UPSC aspirants in a great way.

Thank you very much for this commendable job. Subject: TO SIR WITH LOVE, RESPECT AND GRATITUDE Respected Sir, First of all Thank You so much for your wonderful efforts. Your efforts and insights have mandated to regard you as “CHANKAYA of Civil Services”, like in case of Chankya’s writings everyone wondered how a single human being can have so much knowledge, I too wonder with respect to you that how a single person can have so much insight about the exam and on top of that a zeal and unfettered commitment to help others.

Hats of to you Sir!!! I am following this site religiously since first week of August, when I landed here accidentally while searching for some pointers to good study material for GS papers, since then it has been a ‘joy of learning’ treasured beyond the confines of the heart. I am working as Examiner of Patents and Designs(Group A, Gazetted),The Patent Office, Ministry of Commerce, Govt. Of India, and like a lot of Indians want to become an IAS officer. But more than a desire to become an IAS officer, I wanted to prepare for Civil Services to gain knowledge and experience the ‘joy of learning’. Due to job commitments, lack of time and more so because of apprehension of lack of knowledge, I was more of a silent spectator than an active participant. Further, I was unable to follow everyday’s Answer Writing Challenge and at last I took printout of good answers and then prepared through them.

Now, since I have taken the exam and feel more confident about the level of my knowledge, I intend to become an active participant and would like to help you in this noble endeavor in whatever capacity I can. I would like to request you for sharing some link or your account details where if someone wants to contribute monetarily then he/she can do. I, personally, feel indebted for your invaluable contribution to my learning and knowledge and irrespective of the outcome of the exam result, want to contribute as GURU DAKSHINA. I very well know that any of such effort takes immense time, will power and resources, so I offer to do a little bit of my part in whatever way I can.

So, please share a link or your account details for voluntary contribution. At last but not the least, I would take this opportunity to thank and convey my deep gratitude towards Mr. Aditya Jha, Mr. Tauseef Ahmed, Ms. Asha Gaud, Ms.

Akand Sitara, Mr. Abhishek Pandey, Mr. Nikku, IAS Aspirant, Ms. Raghu Sharma g and all others. You all have been an epitome of ‘spirit of knowledge and sharing’ – It has been a privilege to share the same platform with you all.

One more thing Sir, I wanted to write this letter to you personally, but I couldn’t get the email-id to send it, so I am posting it here. Irrespective of the result of CSE Mains, I am happy with the learning this preparatory phase has endowed me with. Now looking forward to a further ‘enrichment of knowledge’ and an active participation from my own side. Thanks and Warm Regards, •. Shagufta, You should adopt two pronged strategy: 1. Every day study basic materials too – try to understand basic things from basic books 2.

Try to answer secure-2014 questions based on references, your own research (don’t spend more than 15 minutes on a question) and your residual knowledge. Initially you will write worst answers. Don’t compare them and feel dejected. Keep writing.

After ten days you would be surprised to see the change in you. We have seen many here getting better and better. You can’t remember everything. You don’t have to.

UPSC tests your Basic Understanding. If you practice consistently, you will get clear understanding of all topics as our questions are designed to think you in a multidimensional way. The key is to stay in the race at any cost. Apple Mobile Usb Driver Download. 🙂 All the best. Your preparation would contain four threads broadly.

Read them daily. You may or may not start optionals right now. Current affairs – Newspapers, Magazine(Yojana, Kurukshetra), PIB Static GS – NCERT, Advanced books(e.g. Laxmikanth), Internet Optional paper Practicing questions- Secure 2014, Daily Answer writing challenge For the first thread, you may not read the magazines now. Start reading them when you finish the basics of GS. Now, you know how to prepare 1,3 and 4. For 2 start from NCERT books – 6th to 12th for every part of the syllabus.

They would help you build a basic understanding. Once you have basic understanding move on to advanced books such as Laxmikanth, Ramesh Singh etc. Prepare long-term plan and then divide it into several short-term goals. Then further divide them into daily and weekly targets. If you plan iin the long-term to finish economy in 2 months. Then divide the total number of pages in the book with the total number of days that you have. This then becomes your short-term goal.

Planning your preparation is absolutely important. For, in lack of it you would be lost in this vast ocean. It would help you to keep track of your time and coverage both. Stick to this plan religiously and you find your preparation more organized and easy. Thank you Insights for providing this November 2013 magazine. After downloading it i have taken view of its table of content, the way of presentation of all current events.it is the magazine which i was finding till now. Pattern of magazine is according with new syllabus of UPSC, containing topics of India’s relation with other countries,its foreign policy, CBI issues, supreme court judgements, Health issues, ecology, climate change, running economics etc.

It has made every aspirants task easier for preparing current events notes. And thanks a lot for this, it helps all the aspirants who are at remotest corners of our country not having access to any classes. Efforts you are putting in are mind boggling. I just want to say thanks and I recognize hard work and regimen that Insight team is putting in. I am open to an Idea where any monthly contribution towards this forum as per readers and your discretion if possible can be initiated. As I have worked in one of the leading Job portal I understand the efforts and money required in whole process. I would also suggest readers to buy book from the link as this help earning revenue.

One of avid reader of Insight. Hello, Its been quite a while i studied something now I am starting preperation for 2014 exam this will be my last attempt(age wise).Could not even clear pre in previous two attempts. The first attempt was only with a month of preperation. The second with around 2-3 hours a day.This time i thought i would clear pre.

Now, I am in a fix. Whether to join coachin or leave my job and go on sick I dont even have much money saved to pay for coachin. Done with my education loan this month.

Have to save for a few more month to leave job. Or ask my dad for funds who retired this year. I am from one of the new IITs and currently working in a PSU. And currently in the remotest place possible near WB the net connectivity is miserable. Still have access to net connection. Do you think I can join IAS/IFS if i start preparing from now??

Should I leave job? Is coaching necessary? I am not able to decide what course of action should i take. Please help •.

Coaching is not needed if you have strong motivation and a good place to study for yourself. You can clear 2014 attempt. It is possible. You have to adopt a focused approach to the preparation. You should spend many hours in first clearing your basics and then for practicing – prelims+mains questions. Every one ‘reads’ for this exam, but the ones who ‘practice’ often get through. First asses how many hours you would be able to dedicate per day for your preparation.

Based on that find a nice place to study. Internet is needed. As questions are based on dynamic content, you will have to refer some online sources (standard) for more information.

As you are left with only one attempt, it is prudent that you do whatever it takes to clear both prelims and mains. If you are confident about getting back job after one year, you should resign and start preparation. Next December after Mains you can go back to your job. Hello sir, It has been a pleasure following you.

I like this blog, and I read it every day. Thanks a lot for your Endeavour. The essay writing topics are particularly awesome. You have dispelled most of my doubts regarding it and I am indebted to you for that.

 Still I have some doubts and that’s why I am here. As a guy who wants to be a diplomat, I would like to take International relations as my optional. I have been reading books related to Indian Foreign policy, mostly by Shashi Tharoor, Rajiv Sikri and other diplomats. Are they enough? Thanks a lot sir. Keep us motivated  •.

Respected sir, as i m ur regular active follower n hv got ur guidence & motivation whenever needed.just given mains 2013 & i always feel that these are the rumours or misguidence which create a negative feelings for aspirants & i appriciate ur initiative in this direction of removing these. Sir in past few years there is a saying/feeling that those with age of more than 28 or given maximum attempts or those who r preparing while sitting (without doing job) are not getting cosideration or preference for selection by upsc,so u must be young under-25/26 0r doing a job to become an IAS!!is it true or is just a false market perceptio??

Sir as u always removed these misconceptions so plz this time also clear not only for me bt many of those who are confused n seeking a true suggestion,thank u. Atharv, I understand your concern. Last year there were 4-5 candidates aged 30+ in the top 25 list. Average age of IAS+IPS officers who are trained at LBSNAA is 28 yrs (male), so majority who topped lie in the age group of 27+, hence the logic that less marks is awarded in interview to aged candidates is baseless.

Also, your experience doesn’t matter much if you can satisfy them with your honesty and personality. Don’t go there with preconceptions. Go there to have a lovely discussion with good old people.

With friends don’t discuss about board members, their previous records, their character, their appearance, their background etc etc – it is useless and makes you prejudiced. They will have certain parameters and they will award marks accordingly. Keep occupied with next prelims preparation, or reading good books etc.

But never worry about what happens inside the interview hall – it will be cordial and a pleasant experience provided you go there with open mind. See age profiles in the following documents. Absolutely there is nothing to worry about age. Sir, I am a student from Engineering Background with mathematics as my optional subject.

I have appeared in the mains 2012 but couldn’t qualify it because of my inadequate grasp on General Studies. For the same reason I didn’t appear for this year’s competition. I am following this website since November and it really has been a boon for me and other students who suffer from the lack of quality preparation material. I am really interested in your offline classes but can’t leave my job as I am the main income source of my family. I have read some comments from others on your website about linking your planned offline classes to your online material. I couldn’t help but agree with it’s potential and it is just the right thing for me and other students with the similar limitations.

I know it will add more tasks to your already busy schedule but it will help a big number of students. From economical point of view it can be feasible if you ask for proper subscription from the students interested in the Video Lectures. I request you to consider it and dedicate a separate post/thread for it so that you can check the number of interested students and whether or not it is worth the trouble it will take to implement it. Namaskar Sir, i m ur student nw following u n ur sight for my UPSC exam-2014. I m From Belgaum but working in Chandigarh nw, i m in confusion abt my opt sub sociology.

I m not getting correctly from whr to start n hw to start, i hv cmpltd by graduation frm IGNOU in Sociology n i also hv study materials like Harlambos and Holborn book on sociology for papaer-I, n yogendr singh, Ram Ahuja, M.N.Srinivas n Veena Das books for Paper-II with my IGNOU notes. Plz tell me hw abt coaching centre stdy materials should I go for institute materials?? If so plz suggest me frm where i will get them. SIRI GANNADAM GELGE, SIRI GANNADAM BALGE. Your FellowSANTOSH •. History is quite lengthy, but its very easy to learn and grasp Philosophy is having a short syllabus, but requires deep thinking kind of brain ( unless you have the power of cramming, because through cramming, you can get the excellence in any subject).Another thing is, in History although it is very easy to learn, but in mains exam, question comes in the statement form, which are quite lengthy to comprehend.Whereas in philosophy,most of the time question comes straight forwardSo the decision is up to you •.

Hello sir, I have a doubt about the interview process. As I have done journalism in my pg, I did my intern at a famous news paper last year. Then after that I didn’t do much, as I had to concentrate on studying. Last year I had given my prelims and this year also I am going to give it. I will be 27 by then, and I had a job in the past, (only for a short time). So will this matter in the interview like I haven’t been in stable job ever in my life, and I have an above-average educational background. I know it is still early to think about these types of things, and I must concentrate on my target, still out of curiosity If I get through I will be facing the board at the age of 28, and will my past experiences in any way matter there?

Hope you understand my anxiety Thank you and god bless you sir •. Hi Santosh, As Insights sir had said earlier, they are not experts when it comes to Paper-II. So, they want to do only what they are the best at – Paper I. If you want to score good marks in Paper-II, you can refer to the following. Cover TMH CSAT manual quite selectively- General Ability, Maths, Decision-making etc. Good Comprehension questions from the internet (Pagalguy.com)- it is not up to the mark in the TMH manual. You must try to solve high level comprehension so that handle the easy ones comfortably in the examination.

Practice some free tests from Testfunda.com and other websites that offer free mock test for CSAT. You do not require a separate test series for it. If you practice regularly, there is no reason why you would not score well in this paper.

Had quit my job at an MNC and started prepration in full swing from May. But then by Aug my batteries were fully running out. For the past two months,havent even read The Hindu regularly.

I mean every time i take out a book, i feel like im not going to get through and feel dejected. Now i feel like i should get back to work, But civ services is a dream that i cherished from childhood. Frankly im in a mess right now, dunno where to start my preps from and whether studying from now on will be of any help in cracking civ service. Hi Nikita, This is a phase of low “Confidence” in your journey. Trust me, not only you but many aspirants face similar situations where they feel they will not be able to make it to the Civil Services, want to quit and move on.

But, actually they can not – just like you. What you require is not guidance, but light. The light which would clear all misconceptions in your mind. The fact is that as Insights says: Few prepare for this examination systematically, rigorously and continously. And, they number in a few thousands. If you can give the same amount of systematic effort, there is no reason( a topper said) why you will not crack this examination. More than the effort, you need to understand ‘why’ do you want to get into the services?

If it is a childhood dream, then what exactly is it in the Services that attracts you towards it. With some difficult sessions of introspection, you would get the answer. Once you are clear with the “Why” part, the “How” would automatically come out. In fact, this whole website is about the “How” part of the Civil Services examination.

But, if you are not clear with the “Why”, the internal drive required to persist in the preparation would not come easily. And, you would sway in one direction or another. The “Will” is hidden in the “Why”. Get the will and 50% of the journey is covered.

You have a whole year ahead of you. Given that you have been preparing for some time, despite the breaks, you can finish the syllabus comfortably. But, you must start and there is no better time to start than NOW. @Aditya Jha your replies/responses/suggestions/advises are always WOW.

I always look out for your replies (besides of-course INSIGHTS)!! In pagalguy.com, when i used to follow it, there used to be a system to check the posts of a specific person by clicking on that person’s profile.

Wish it would have been here as well:P. Just kidding.

Already we are getting so much from INSIGHTS!! I am sure this team of INSIGHTS would be progressing in their life by leaps and bounds. They are collecting so much good karma and blessings and wishes of others that no obstacle can come in their way.

Ganesh, Let me deal orderly with your questions. First about newspaper.

It is always desirable to read The Hindu. The content and quality, relevant to for Civil Services Examination, one gets in The Hindu is incomparable to other newspapers – especially the editorial section.

Second about note-making. When you find that an article has many important points to jot down, it is more convenient to cut and paste the article in your notebook. However, if the volume of the important content is manageable, writing it on the notebook has its own advantages. In this way, you will remember the news for long. Moreover, the words that you write on the notebook will become a part of your written vocabulary. And, this would give you a decent amount of writing practice daily.

It has done wonders for me at least. Third about time. Reading the newspaper, analyzing it and writing notes naturally takes a lot of time for everyone. But, with regular practice and matured understanding this time would gradually reduce to manageable levels. However, you must not spend more than an hour on note-making in any case. And, please avoid making notes of NCERTs and other static books.

Do this only when information is coming from diverse sources which you would find difficult to revise at a later stage of your preparation. You would realize the true value of note-making at the last stage of your preparation when examination nears. Giving time to note-making is like laying foundations for your preparation and knowledge. The stronger the foundation is, the higher and resilient the building would be.

Finally about writing answers here. As Insights says and i have experienced it myself, writing and then typing is of immense help. It is perhaps the best writing exercise. You remember things for long. And, more importantly when you write things slowly using the keyboard, you get to analyse your own writing style and the quality of your answer. Besides, you get a chance to edit your answer accordingly if you are not satisfied with your writing quality. If you repeat this exercise a number of times, you would find your answers getting better and better every time.

Hope this helps you. Sir, plz help meI want to appear in cse 2014 and I decided this a week ago though I had taken coaching for this in Delhi but it was before the changes in mains exam (so that is of no use for me now) but due to some personal problem I gave up civils.but now I realise this is want I want to do and this year if possible.though I am taking NET exam as a career backupSir plz tell can this be donehow should I start because ideal time in may/june (my optional is a professional subject so I have good command on it though I have not finished it like it should be for civils mains )? Ansul, tons of laugh against your comment, the site will never close and the case of money, if you read in one of the sections, you will find that Vinay sir refuted one of the above money help, so donot throw blank remarks defaming the site, its our readers suggestion to stop surfing it and pour down ur frustration to your ownself. Insights have really helped allmost all the aspirants and will do so in the near future too. Besides the new sections are dramatically very helpful to conjure all the knowledge that were hidden deep inside.A noble work of Insights should not be not be diminished with your bogus and lewd comments. Sir first thing is that we should smart work insteD of hard work, if we can get everything from the hindu through that current event, there is no need to read it again.

And by distributing work among 30 people, we can save our lots of time. Sir no need to worry about legal action, u r not involved in all this directly.

By ur little efforts, we people can save our lots of time. What u need is to just choose 30 of uz, Assign them a day, each day we will prapare curent event as u did and send it to u. At the end of the month, u make a pdf(dont add your watermark) and just upload it somewhere ananymoysly or mail all of us. This way u will not involved in all these, u r working just as a medium by which we can connect. Respected Insights, Its been a month when I first landed this site and found it very helpful and eye opener Thanks for the Incredible work Earlier I was planning to stick to the daily routine stuff i.e.

Secure 2014 and current event analysis but due to the busy schedule at work place I cant keep my pace wih the daily updates as of now I have left the job from tenth of jan 14 and now I want to devote my full time for the preparation of 2014 exam Iam very nervous now that how to cover earlier posts of secure 2014, current events & daily answer writing challenge as it is very important for the upcoming mains also suggest me a way to complete these important articles. I am thorough with the basic stuff i.e. Ncerts and some slight concepts of mains as I have appeared for the prils in 2013 but failed to qualify for mains. Kindly suggest me what to start with and by what time the syllabus should be covered (finished) keeping in view the time required for prils preparation and revision as hardly 11 months are left for the upcoming mains.

Iam thorough with my optional paper (Commerce &Accountancy) and will manage it effectively doing/ revising side by side Today onwards I will regularly update my knowledge from secure 14 and current event analysis without a break. Kindly provide the time schedule (in days/ months) by which I should be prepared for mains and revision thereafter PLEASE respond to this Regards NITIN •. Hello Sir, I’m pursuing Masters in Mathematics from Gauhati University and I’m into my final semester at the moment. I’m a UPSC aspirant, like most other visitors of this website (UPSC 2014 would be my first attempt). Needless to mention, your online magazines are simply tailor-made for UPSC aspirants.

I know UPSC is one exam that requires exclusive attention and preparation. Being a mediocre student, entertaining thoughts of me, cracking UPSC in the first attempt, while pursuing M.Sc, might sound over-optimistic. But I want to put my best foot forward.

I just had an inquisitiveness to know if INSIGHTS issues online magazines for the UPSC prelims too •. Hi Panditji, I, at least, would have loved to do it. But, there were several issues running in my mind that i dropped this plan. I think one can write much better answers than what we wrote in Mains or otherwise.

It ultimate boils down to one’s capability, practice and knowledge. And, i sincerely believe that there is no ‘end’ to all of these. Besides, one must understand that the nature of the paper is “Subjective”.

There is no one best answer and different authors may subscribe to different views. Even the structure of the flow or introduction may vary greatly amongst aspirants. It would thus not be right to brand one answer or the other as a benchmark. If, however, you wish to understand the broad framework of the answers – I am sure the Daily Answer Writing Archives would be quite useful. Thank you so much for appreciating our efforts on this blog and i am very glad that it is helping you in your preparation.

I hv compiled all 2013 interviews of candidate, analysing them & preparing basic of situational & current issues. Being on isolated place( 🙂 from upsc point of view) i often relies on my laptop for interview(self).

I hv covered basic related to profile in my last attempt itself. But really absent thing is real situation & as my job is allowing me to move delhi so i requested for student in delhi as it will be win win situation. As per my knowledge vinay sir is from K’tka so it will be difficult for him in such situation. Regarding coaching its ur discretion however if u want that compilation or even insight sir want that compilation then surely i will mail to both of u 🙂 •.

Hello sir, Due to some reasons the Hindu wasn’t available to me last month. As I am from a remote place I didn’t have any other option to read it. But I am subscribed to Pratiyogita darpan.

Now when I look back I feel like I am one month behind in G.K. What should I do?

Shall I read the Hindu online editions from now including the last months? But I think it will take more time, jeopardizing my progress in covering the syllabus. What can I do when I couldn’t read news paper for a month or more than a month? Sir, I know it is too late for thinking about this, but somehow it makes me worried every time. I did my Post graduation, and have all of my certificates with me too, except my course completion certificate. But I have the mark lists of all of my 4 semesters and when I went to collect them they told me it was not available. This doubt grows every time whenever I read about the mains exam, as what should I do?

Will I have to attach my PG completion certificate for mains DAF? Will I get rejected without it ever? In the interview? Please understand my concern •.