Chipkarten Beschreiben Software Programs
Free Download Program Imagina Espanol Sin Barreras Pdf Printer. Applications of communication networks lead to radical changes in human life. Fieldbus technology is part of this development acting in close connection to systems control and in critical domains.
Equipped with sensitive sensors, fieldbus technology becomes the backbone of many processes of our daily life. In automation technology, fieldbus systems are essential parts of modern applications. In airplanes and in near future also in automobiles, mechanical control is replaced by 'x by wire” systems based on fieldbusses, a technique more efficient and flexible, but also cheaper.
Moreover, fieldbus technology, used in factories, hospitals, laboratories for the collection of numerous data, enables a more efficient and reliable operation of these complex environments. This book is a collection of articles submitted to the fieldbus conference FeT'99 in Magdeburg, Germany. The articles were reviewed by an international program committee which decided to include some high quality articles not presented at the conference.
- Chart Pattern Recognition Software Metastock Formulas - Best Personal Development Affiliate Programs - D_Back Keygen - Chipkarten Beschreiben Software Piracy - Drivers Gemini Firstmix - Torrent Safecracker Wii Walkthrough. Jun 18, 1999. Program Committee. Index of Authors. 1 Protocol Specifications. Main Paradigms as a Basis for Current Fieldbus Concepts. Thomesse, f.-P.; Leon. Lage einstellbare Gerlite mit fixer Hard- und Software wie z.B. MeBurnformer zu beschreiben. Die Migration erfolgt tiber einen,,Default-DTM', der die GSD.
The book comprises chapters dealing with important aspects of fieldbus technology and reflecting areas of main activity in science and industry: real-time aspects, networking, management, OPC, system aspects, realization, protocol specifications (supplements to introduced fieldbus systems), validation, profile development (i. Specification of application semantics) and research projects. A further chapter reports on the European harmonization project NOAH.
Darmstadt, Hochschule, Master Thesis, 2015 Biometric recognition can be used to secure the access to a system, by recognizing individuals seeking access, based on their behavioural and biological characteristics. In some scenarios, this level of security is not high enough, since it leaves room for attackers to gain access to the system after the initial recognition. Continuous authentication can be used to solve this problem by monitoring the current user during the work session. A genuine user with legitimate access should not be interrupted during the working session. Thus, biometric characteristics which require interaction with sensors are not suited for continuous authentication systems. As a consequence, research has been focused on behavioural biometric characteristics.
A trust model defines the behaviour of the continuous authentication system by describing how actions of the user affect the trust value. Decisions are based on this trust value. This work aims to research whether a trust model can be used to combine a biological biometric characteristic and a behavioural characteristic, namely face recognition as the biological component and keystroke dynamics as the behavioural component.
Face recognition was chosen because it does neither require additional interaction with a sensor, nor does it interrupt the work session of the genuine user. In order to lessen the impact on the privacy of the user, it was decided to use periodically taken pictures from a webcam instead of a permanent video surveillance. This added the challenge of the information collected by the system being asynchronous. The goal of this work is to develop and evaluate the feasibility and performance of such a system. In order to evaluate this proposed system a database of biometric data suitable for the application scenario was collected and a prototype of the system developed. Face recognition was implemented by using a Local Binary Linear Discriminant Analysis (LBLDA), for keystroke dynamics, a statistical method was implemented.
Results show clear improvements in one metric, while the results in the other three measured metrics fell in a range between those of the unfused components. However, results can be further improved by using a more sophisticated fusion approach and tuning the sub components. Darmstadt, Hochschule, Master Thesis, 2014 The aim of this thesis is to develop a low-cost semi-professional automated 3D scanning and post-production system for digitizing clothing and apparel for in shop and online presentation purposes. Ultimately giving birth to a database of digitized 3d models of apparel to enable virtual-fitting rooms and real-time fitting feedback. In the first part different scanning methods are tested if they are suited for scanning apparel and if the quality is good enough for advertisement and presentation purposes. The cost of the system is also taken into account.
The thesis then identifies the best and most cost effective approach and tries to develop and automate the method using state of the art consumer products. In the main section the thesis describes the functionality of the method and how it can be applied. Different algorithms and workflows are shown and combined to develop the automated system.
In conclusion the thesis describes and summarizes the system and opens up how it could be implemented in a consumer oriented presentation like a virtual fitting room or an online shopping style advisor using the users body-metrics. Bender, Jan (Ed.) et al.: VRIPHYS 14: 11th Workshop in Virtual Reality Interactions and Physical Simulations. Goslar: Eurographics Association, 2014, pp. 99-107 International Workshop in Virtual Reality Interaction and Physical Simulations (VRIPHYS) This paper describes a solution for 3D clothes simulation on human avatars. The proposed approach consists of three parts, the collection of anthropometric human body dimensions, cloths scanning, and the simulation on 3D avatars.
The simulation and human machine interaction has been designed for application in a passive In- Shop advertisement system. All parts have been evaluated and adapted under the aim of developing a low-cost automated scanning and post-production system. Human body dimension recognition was achieved by using a landmark detection based approach using both two 2D and 3D cameras for front and profile images. The human silhouettes extraction solution based on 2D images is expected to be more robust to multi-textured background surfaces than existing solutions. Eight measurements corresponding to the norm of body dimensions defined in the standard EN-13402 were used to reconstruct a 3D model of the human body. The performance is evaluated against the ground-truth of our newly acquired database.
For 3D scanning of clothes, different scanning methods have been evaluated under apparel, quality and cost aspects. The chosen approach uses state of the art consumer products and describes how they can be combined to develop an automated system. The scanned cloths can be later simulated on the human avatars, which are created based on estimation of human body dimensions. This work concludes with software design suggestions for a consumer oriented solution such as a virtual fitting room using body metrics. A number of future challenges and an outlook for possible solutions are also discussed. IET Biometrics, Vol.3 (2013), 1, pp.
1-8 This study discusses a 10-year effort by Standards Committee 37 of the International Organisation for Standardisation / International Electrotechnical Commission Joint Technical Committee 1 (ISO/IEC JTC1 SC37) to create a systematic vocabulary for the field of 'biometrics' based on international standards for vocabulary development. That process has now produced a new International Standard (ISO/IEC 23), which conceptualises and defines 121 terms that are most central to the proposed field. This study will review some of the philosophical and operational principles of vocabulary development within SC37, present 11 of the most commonly used standardised terms with their definitions and discuss some of the conceptual changes implicit in the new vocabulary. Jain, Anil K. (Ed.) et al.: The 5th IAPR International Conference on Biometrics 2012. Proceedings: ICB 2012.
New York: IEEE Press, 2012, pp. 238-244 IAPR International Conference on Biometrics (ICB) Iris patterns contain rich discriminative information and can be efficiently encoded in a compact binary form. These nice properties allow smooth integration with the fuzzy commitment scheme.
Instead of storing iris codes directly, a random secret can be derived such that user privacy can be preserved. Despite the successful implementation, the dependency existing in iris codes can strongly reduce the security of fuzzy commitment. This paper shows that the distribution of iris codes complies with the Markov model. Additionally, an algorithm retrieving secrets from the iris fuzzy commitment scheme is proposed. The experimental results show that with knowledge of the iris distribution secrets can be recovered with low complexity.
This work shows that distribution analysis is essential for security assessment of fuzzy commitment. Ignoring the dependency of binary features can lead to overestimation of the security. IEEE Computer Society: International Joint Conference on Biometrics 2011: IJCB 2011. Los Alamitos, Calif.: IEEE Computer Society Conference Publishing Services (CPS), 2011, 8 p. International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB) Fuzzy commitment is an efficient template protection algorithm that can improve security and safeguard privacy of biometrics. Existing theoretical security analysis has proved that although privacy leakage is unavoidable, perfect security from information-theoretical points of view is possible when bits extracted from biometric features are uniformly and independently distributed.
Unfortunately, this strict condition is difficult to fulfill in practice. In many applications, dependency of binary features is ignored and security is thus suspected to be highly overestimated. This paper gives a comprehensive analysis on security and privacy of fuzzy commitment regarding empirical evaluation. The criteria representing requirements in practical applications are investigated and measured quantitatively in an existing protection system for 3D face recognition.
The evaluation results show that a very significant reduction of security and enlargement of privacy leakage occur due to the dependency of biometric features. This work shows that in practice, one has to explicitly measure the security and privacy instead of trusting results under non-realistic assumptions. Oravec, Milos (Ed.): Face Recognition. Sciyo, 2010, pp. 315-328 The human face is one of the most important biometric modalities for automatic authentication. Three-dimensional face recognition exploits facial surface information.
In comparison to illumination based 2D face recognition, it has good robustness and high fake resistance, so that it can be used in high security areas. Nevertheless, as in other common biometric systems, potential risks of identity theft, cross matching and exposure of privacy information threaten the security of the authentication system as well as the user's privacy. As a crucial supplementary of biometrics, the template protection technique can prevent security leakages and protect privacy. In this chapter, we show security leakages in common biometric systems and give a detailed introduction on template protection techniques. Then the latest results of template protection techniques in 3D face recognition systems are presented.
The recognition performances as well as the security gains are analyzed. Mohamed, Kamel (Ed.) et al.: Image Analysis and Recognition: 6th International Conference, ICIAR 2009. Berlin; Heidelberg; New York: Springer, 2009. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) 5627) International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition (ICIAR) Biometric features provide considerable usability benefits. At the same time, the inability to revoke templates and likelihood of adversaries being able to capture features raise security concerns. Recently, several template protection mechanisms have been proposed, which provide a one-way mapping of templates onto multiple pseudo-identities. While these proposed schemes make assumptions common for cryptographic algorithms, the entropy of the template data to be protected is considerably lower per bit of key material used than assumed owing to correlations arising from the biometric features.
We review several template protection schemes and existing attacks followed by a correlation analysis for a selected biometric feature set and demonstrate that these correlations leave the stream cipher mechanism employed vulnerable to, among others, known plaintext-type attacks. Pan, Jeng-Shyang (Ed.) et al.: Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing. Proceedings: IIH-MSP 2009. New York: IEEE, Inc., 2009, pp. 1061-1065 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIH-MSP) Privacy protection techniques are an important supplementary of biometric systems.
Their main purpose is to prevent security leakages in common biometric systems and to preserve the user's privacy. However, when cryptographic functions are used in the algorithms, randomness of biometric features is strictly required from the security point of view. This randomness is hard to achieve in many feature extraction algorithms, especially for those using the local information of biometric modality. In this paper we discuss privacy protection based on a fuzzy extractor. We show that the security of the algorithm is strongly reduced when statistical properties of biometric features as well as the details of the algorithm are known. An attack exploiting feature correlation is demonstrated. IEEE Third International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications and Systems: BTAS 2009.
New York: IEEE Press, 2009, 8 p. IEEE International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS) The popularity of biometrics and its widespread use introduces privacy risks. To mitigate these risks, solutions such as the helper-data system, fuzzy vault, fuzzy extractors, and cancellable biometrics were introduced, also known as the field of template protection.
In parallel to these developments, fusion of multiple sources of biometric information have shown to improve the verification performance of the biometric system. In this work we analyze fusion of the protected template from two 3D recognition algorithms (multi-algorithm fusion) at feature-, score-, and decision-level.
We show that fusion can be applied at the known fusion-levels with the template protection technique known as the Helper-Data System. We also illustrate the required changes of the Helper-Data System and its corresponding limitations. Furthermore, our experimental results, based on 3D face range images of the FRGC v2 dataset, show that indeed fusion improves the verification performance. Pan, Jeng-Shyang (Ed.) et al.: Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing. Proceedings: IIH-MSP 2009. New York: IEEE, Inc., 2009, pp.
1056-1060 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIH-MSP) When biometric recognition is used for identification or verification it is important to assure the privacy of the data subject. This can be accomplished by using template protection mechanisms. These transform a feature vector that is derived from a data subject's biometric characteristic into a protected template (pseudo identity) and thus guarantee that no additional information such as health-related information is stored in the biometric reference.
Due to noise, two biometric samples of one data subject are not the same and differ in some feature values (intra-class variations). This paper proposes a new template protection method which deals with these intra-class differences by applying cryptographic hash functions [10] in a step-wise manner to certain pieces of the biometric feature vector. This idea was inspired by Kornblum who proposed piecewise hashing for files in [7]. In this paper the method is applied to 3-dimensional facial data. The experimental results indicate that the biometric performance of the method is close to the biometric performance obtained without template protection. Datenschutz & Datensicherheit, Vol.32 (2008), 2, pp. 126-136 Biometric data have been integrated in all new European passports, since the Member States of the European Union started to implement the EU Council Regulation No 2252/2004 on standards for security features and biometrics in passports.
The additional integration of three-dimensional models promises significant performance enhancements for border controls. By combining the geometry-and texture-channel information of the face, 3-D face recognition systems provide an improved robustness while processing variations in poses and problematic lighting conditions when taking the photo. To assess the potential of three-dimensional face recognition, the 3D Face project, which is promoted by the EU Commission, was initiated in April 2006. This paper outlines the approach and research objectives of this project: not only shall the recognition performance be increased but also a new, fake resistant acquisition device is to be developed.
In addition, methods for protection of the stored template data in the biometric reference are under development. Pratikakis, Ioannis (Ed.) et al.: Eurographics 2008 Workshop on 3D Object Retrieval: EG 3DOR 2008.
Aire-la-Ville: Eurographics, 2008. (Eurographics Workshop and Symposia Proceedings Series), pp. 65-71 Eurographics Workshop on 3D Object Retrieval (EG 3DOR) We present an automatic face recognition approach, which relies on the analysis of the three-dimensional facial surface. The proposed approach consists of two basic steps, namely a precise fully automatic normalization stage followed by a histogram-based feature extraction algorithm. During normalization the tip and the root of the nose are detected and the symmetry axis of the face is determined using a PCA analysis and curvature calculations. Subsequently, the face is realigned in a coordinate system derived from the nose tip and the symmetry axis, resulting in a normalized 3D model.
The actual region of the face to be analyzed is determined using a simple statistical method. This area is split into disjoint horizontal subareas and the distribution of depth values in each subarea is exploited to characterize the face surface of an individual. Our analysis of the depth value distribution is based on a straightforward histogram analysis of each subarea. When comparing the feature vectors resulting from the histogram analysis we apply three different similarity metrics. The proposed algorithm has been tested with the FRGC v2 database, which consists of 4950 range images.
Our results indicate that the city block metric provides the best classification results with our feature vectors. The recognition system achieved an equal error rate of 5.89% with correctly normalized face models. Pan, Jeng-Shyang (Ed.) et al.: 2008 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing. Proceedings: IIH-MSP 2008. New York: IEEE, Inc., 2008, pp.
1069-1074 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIH-MSP) Biometric authentication methods are often being considered as a possible complement or even replacement of widely used password or token based authentication mechanisms. However, because of the fact that biometric traits are intrinsically tied to a person, several legitimate questions arise as biometric methods become more and more popular, such as the protection of personal information which is being gathered and stored alongside a biometric reference, the control of a possible connection of various biometric data of one user in different applications and the cancellation of compromised biometric data. Efforts that contain solutions for the problems which arise from these questions are being described as Template Protection Methods and are topic of current research.
One method relies on protection of biometric data by a cryptographic concept named Fuzzy Vault. This paper specifically investigates the applicability of the concept to protect data used in three dimensional facial recognition.
A prototype of that method has been implemented and checked for its ability to be adapted for use with data from 3D face scans. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE): Biometrics Symposium 2007, 6 p. The Biometric Consortium Conference (BCC) Biometric data have been integrated in all new European passports, since the member states of the European Union started to implement the EU Council Regulation No 2252/2004 on standards for security features and biometrics in passports. The additional integration of three-dimensional facial models promises significant performance enhancements for border control applications. By combining the geometry- and texture-channel information of the face, 3D face recognition systems provide improved robustness while being able to handle variations in poses and problematic lighting conditions during image acquisition.
To assess the potential of three-dimensional face recognition, the 3D Face Integrated Project was initiated as part of the European Framework Program for collaborative research in April 2006. This paper outlines the research objectives and the approach of this project: Not only shall the recognition performance be increased but also a new, fake-resistant acquisition system is to be developed.
In addition, methods for protection of the stored template data in the biometric reference are under development to enhance the privacy and security of the overall system. The use of multi-biometrics is also a key feature of the 3D Face project addressing the performance, robustness and flexibility targets of the system. Embo Reports, Vol.7 (2006), S1, pp. 23-25 In the future, though, more and more people will be confronted with biometric systems, even if they are not at all widespread today. While according to the ICAO recommendations, from 2006 on biometric-enabled border control will be based on 2D face recognition technology, non-government applications can be foreseen. Biometric systems will enable access to security areas to be controlled more reliably. Examples include critical infrastructures particularly in need of protection, such as energy supply facilities, nuclear power stations, or computer centers of societal importance, such as emergency service control units.
The advantage of biometric authentication is that it reduces the risk of information (passwords) or tokens (keys or chipcards) that are intentionally or unintentionally passed on to unauthorized persons and of access authorizations being stolen, because in contrast to knowledge-based or possession-based procedures, the biometric characteristics of an individual such as physical characteristics or patterns of behaviour are directly tied to a person - usually for the long term. The paper investigates chances and challenges of 2D- and 3D face recogntion. ACM SIGMM: MM & Sec '05: Proceedings of the Multimedia and Security Workshop 2005. New York: ACM, 2005, pp.
95-101 Multimedia and Security Workshop (MM&Sec) We investigate in this paper several recently proposed reversible watermarking algorithms based on value expansion schemes: bitshifting, histogram modification, spread spectrum, companding and prediction-error expansion, and present a general model - histogram expansion - for all value expansion based reversible watermarking algorithms, which demonstrates a unified view of these different algorithms and gives them a performance comparison in terms of watermarking distortion and embedding capacity from this unified view. With this general model of histogram expansion, performance of different value expansion algorithms can be evaluated and compared directly from their value expansion modes. A better value expansion mode has an advantage in performance from its inherent value expansion structure, which is stable to different input testing media. We deduce from this general model a formulated distortion estimation, which in form guarantees the existence of the optimal value expanding scheme for a specific media to be watermarked.
The optimal value expansion can be achieved by optimization methods if the relevant computational complexity is permitted in practical applications. For simplicity, we propose a sub-optimal but efficient value expanding scheme to approach the best performance of reversible watermarking. In the later part of this paper, we investigate the possibility to further increase the performance by improving the histogram generating patterns in the sense of clearer separation of scale values in different ranges. All ideas proposed above are perfectly demonstrated in our experiments. Delp, Edward J. (Ed.) et al.: Security, Steganography, and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents VII: Proceedings of Electronic Imaging Science and Technology. Bellingham: SPIE, 2005.
(Proceedings of SPIE 5681), pp. 68-75 Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents A fingerprinting is related to cryptographic hash functions. In contrast to cryptographic hash functions this robust digest is sensitive only to perceptual change. Minor changes, which are not affecting the perception, do not result in a different fingerprint.
This technique is used in content-based retrieval, content monitoring, and content filtering. In this paper we present a cumulant-based image fingerprinting method. Cumulants are typically used in signal processing and image processing, e.g. Kaisi Yeh Judai Hai Aankh Bhar Meri Aayi Hai Mp3 Song. For blind source separation or Independent Component Analysis (ICA).
From an image with reduced dimensions we calculate cumulants as an initial feature vector. This feature vector is transformed into an image fingerprint. The theoretical advantages of cumulants are verified in experiments evaluating robustness (e.g. Against operations like lossy compression, scaling and cropping) and discriminability.
The results show an improved performance of our method in comparison to existing methods. The National Security Agency: IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society Information Assurance Workshop. West Point, New York, 2005, pp.
72-78 Annual IEEE SMC Information Assurance Workshop (IAW) A variety of widely accepted and efficient compression methods do exist for still images. To name a few, there are standardised schemes like JPEG and JPEG2000 which are well suited for photorealistic true colour and grey scale images and usually operated in lossy mode to achieve high compression ratios. These schemes are well suited for images that are processed within face recognition systems. In the case of forensic biometric systems, compression of fingerprint images has already been applied in Automatic Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS) applica- tions, where the size of the digital fingerprint archives would be tremendous for uncompressed images. In these large scale applications Wavelet Scalar Qantization has a long tradition as an effective encoding scheme. This paper gives an overview of the study BioCompress that has been conducted at Fraunhofer IGD on behalf of the Federal Office for Information Security (BSI). Based on fingerprint and face image databases and different biometric algorithms we evaluated the impact of lossy compression algorithms on the recognition performance of biometric recognition systems.
Delp, Edward J. (Ed.) et al.: Security, Steganography, and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents VII: Proceedings of Electronic Imaging Science and Technology.
Bellingham: SPIE, 2005. (Proceedings of SPIE 5681), pp. 218-229 Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents We investigate in this paper several possible methods to improve the performance of the bit-shifting operation based reversible image watermarking algorithm in the integer DCT domain. In view of the large distortion caused by the modification of high-amplitude coefficients in the integer DCT domain, several coefficient selection methods are proposed to provide the coefficient modification process with some adaptability to match the coefficient amplitudes' status of different 8-by-8 DCT coefficient blocks. The proposed adaptive modification methods include global coefficient-group distortion sorting, zero-tree DCT prediction, and a low frequency based coefficient prediction method for block classification. All these methods are supposed to optimize the bit-shifting based coefficient modification process so as to improve the watermarking performance in terms of capacity/distortion ratio. Comparisons are presented for these methods in aspects of performance in terms of capacity/distortion ratio, performance stability, performance scalability, algorithm complexity and security.
Compared to our old integer DCT based scheme and other recently proposed reversible image watermarking algorithms, some of the proposed methods exhibit much improved performances, among which the low frequency based coefficient prediction methods bear highest efficiency to predict the coefficient amplitudes' status, leading to distinct improved watermarking performance in most aspects. Detailed experimental results and performance analysis are also given for all the proposed algorithms and several other reversible watermarking algorithms. The National Security Agency: IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society Information Assurance Workshop. West Point, New York, 2005, pp.
1-7 Annual IEEE SMC Information Assurance Workshop (IAW) This paper presents a comparative study on fingerprint recognition systems. The goal of this study was to investigate the capability characteristics of biometric systems regarding integration of biometric features in personnel documents such as IDcards and Visa application documents. Thus the designed test has the focus on performance testing of selected algorithms and systems with dedicated investigations on side effects such as independence of matching rates and results from the scanning device or the impacts of ageing effects on the received operator characteristics. The study was carried out in close collaboration between German Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt, BKA), the German Federal Office for Information Security (Bundesamt fuer Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik, BSI) and the Fraunhofer-IGD.